function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Churchmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Lutsk-Zhytomyr diocese (aeque principaliter)more on
www.catholic-hierarchy.org
[access: 2021.12.19]

date and place
of death

03.11.1937

Sandarmokhtoday: Medvezhyegorsk reg., Karelia rep., Russia
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.16]

details of death

cause of death

mass murder

perpetrators

Russians

date and place
of birth

27.01.1888

Staroźrebytoday: Staroźreby gm., Płock pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]

alt. dates and places
of birth

18.08.1888

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

1913

positions held

others related
in death

BIENIECKIClick to display biography Joseph, BORECKIClick to display biography Stanislaus, KASPRZYKOWSKIClick to display biography Stanislaus, KOBEĆClick to display biography Anthony, KOWALSKIClick to display biography Joseph, KRUMMELClick to display biography Joseph, KUROWSKIClick to display biography Anthony, MADERAClick to display biography Peter, MARKUSZEWSKIClick to display biography Albin, MATUSZEWICZClick to display biography Anthony, MIODUSZEWSKIClick to display biography Joseph, PIETKIEWICZClick to display biography Adolph, PROKOPOWICZClick to display biography Theodore, STRONCZYŃSKIClick to display biography Victor, STRUSIEWICZClick to display biography Nicholas, SZYMAŃSKIClick to display biography Vaclav, TUROWSKIClick to display biography Maximilian, ŻMIGRODZKIClick to display biography Joseph, BARANOWSKIClick to display biography Peter, DZIEMIANClick to display biography Joseph, DZIEMIESZKIEWICZClick to display biography Anthony, JARMOŁOWICZClick to display biography Anthony, JUREWICZClick to display biography Boleslaus, KAPUSTOClick to display biography Peter Bernard, ŁUKASZClick to display biography John, ŁUKJANINClick to display biography Joseph, SPALWINI–KRECZETOWClick to display biography Valentine, SZACIŁŁOClick to display biography Albin, WIERZBICKIClick to display biography Joseph, ŻAWRYDClick to display biography John

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

Sandarmokh: Former shooting range of Russian slave labour BelBaltLag concentration camp — n. Powienec village on Onega lake shore, c. 19 km from Bear Hill (Medvezhegorsk), in Karelia republic, a seat of Russian BelBaltLag slave labour concentration camp’s headquarters — where from 11.08.1937 till 27.11.1938 in excess of 9,500 victims from 58 nations, including many Poles, mainly from BelBaltLag concentration camp for prisoners constructing White Sea – Baltic canal and c. 1,111 prisoners from Solovetsky Islands concentration camps on White Sea (c. 250 km from Sandarmokh) were murdered in mass executions. At least 32 priests, including 12 Poles and 11 Germans, one bishop among them, were shot through the back of the head at the site 27.10–04.11.1937. Their remains were unearthed in 1997 — 236 mass grave ditches were discovered spread over c. 10 hectares of land. (more on: www.gulagmuseum.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.11.14])

09.10.1937 judicial murder: On 09.10.1937 a „Troika NKVD” — a genocidal Russian kangaroo court from Sankt Petersburg consisting of three „summary judges” — sentenced to death, at a single stroke of pen, 1,116 Solovetsky Islands concentration camp’s prisoners. 1,111 names are known — they were murdered in Sandarmokh. The names of the genocidal „judges” are also know. It is also known that on 25.11.1937 similar „Troika NKVD” Russian genocidal kangaroo court sentenced to death few remaining in Solovetsky Islands Catholic priests. All in 12.1937 were transported out towards Sankt Petersburg and murdered prob. in SvirLag camp (or in Sankt Petersburg). (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14])

11.08.1937 Russian genocide: On 11.08.1937 Russian leader Stalin decided and NKWD head, Nicholas Jeżow, signed a „Polish operation” executive order no 00485. 139,835 Poles living in Russia were thus sentenced summarily to death. According to the records of the „Memorial” International Association for Historical, Educational, Charitable and Defense of Human Rights ” (Rus. Международное историко–просветительское, правозащитное и благотворительное общество „Мемориал”), specialising with historical research and promoting knowledge about the victims of Russian repressions — 111,091 were murdered. 28,744 were sentenced to deportation to concentration camps in Gulag. Altogether however more than 100,000 Poles were deported, mainly to Kazakhstan, Siberia, Kharkov and Dniepropetrovsk. According to some historians, the number of victims should be multiplied by at least two, because not only the named persons were murdered, but entire Polish families (the mere suspicion of Polish nationality was sufficient). Taking into account the fact that the given number does not include the genocide in eastern Russia (Siberia), the number of victims may be as high as 500,000 Poles. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14])

Great Purge 1937: In the summer of 1937 Polish Catholic priests held in Solovetsky Islands, Anzer Island and BelBaltLag were locked in prison cells (some in Sankt Petersburg). Next in a few kangaroo, murderous Russian trials (on 09.10.1937, 25.11.1937, among others) run by so‑called „Troika NKVD” all were sentenced to death. They were subsequently executed by a single shot to the back of the head. The murders took place either in Sankt Petersburg prison or directly in places of mass murder, e.g. Sandarmokh or Levashov Wilderness, where their bodies were dumped into the ditches. Other priests were arrested in the places they still ministered in and next murdered in local NKVD headquarters (e.g. in Minsk in Belarus), after equally genocidal trials run by aforementioned „Troika NKVD” kangaroo courts.

BelbaltLag: White Sea‑Baltic Sea camp — Russian concentration and forced slave labor camp, under the management of the Gulag camp network (i.e. the genocidal OGPU, and then the NKVD), with the HQ in Medvedevegorsk (then in the Karelo–Finnish rep.) on the White Sea. Established on 16.11.1931, on the basis of the former SLON camp (on the Solovetsky islands). Prisoners slaved on canal construction between the White Sea and the Baltic Sea (the canal itself was opened on.06.1933). Later, prisoners worked in logging forests, in sawmills, in the construction of wood products and paper factories, hydroelectric plants, nickel factories and alcohol distilleries, construction of ports, and laying railway lines. C. 58,965 to 107,900 (1932) prisoners were held in the camp at one time —–e.g. in 1938, there were 3,946 women among them. According to official data, 12,300 perished during the construction of the canal itself — according to unofficial data, from 50,000 to 300,000. One of head managers of the construction of the canal was a Jew, Naftali Frenkel, who went down in history as the author of the principle„We have to squeeze everything out of the prisoner in the first three months — then nothing is there for us”. He was to be the creator, according to Solzhenitsyn, of the so–called „Boiler system”, i.e. the dependence of food rations on working out a certain percentage of the norm. The term ZEK — i.e. prisoner – canal soldier (Rus. заключенный–каналоармец) — was coined in the camp, which was adopted to mean a prisoner in Russian slave labor camps. The camp operated until 18.09.1941, and the entire project — in economic terms — turned out to be a total failure. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09])

KemLag: Sub–camp of BelBaltLag concentration camp group in Karelia republik, on the shores of White Sea. Many Catholic priests were held captive there on their way to or from Solovetsky Islands concentration camps. (more on: www.gulagmuseum.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

Solovetsky Islands: Solovetsky Special Purpose Camp SLON (ros. Солове́цкий ла́герь осо́бого назначе́ния) — Russian concentration camp and forced labour camp, on Solovetsky Islands, in operation from 1923 and initially founded on the site of famous former Orthodox monastery. Functioned till 1939 (in 1936‑9 as a prison). In 1920 the largest concentration camp in Russia. Place of slave labour and murder of hundreds of mainly Christian, including Catholic, priests, especially in 1920s and 1930s. The concept of future Russian slave labour concentration camps system Gulag its beginnings prob. can trace to camps of Solovetsky Islands — from there spread to the camps along Belamor canal (Baltic Sea — White Sea), and from there to all regions of Russian state. From the network of camps on Solovetsky Islands — also called Solovetsky Archipelago — Alexander Solzhenitsyn prob. formed his famous term of „Gulag Archipelago”. It is estimated that tens to hundreds of thousands prisoners were held in Solovetsky Islands camps. In 1937‑8 c. 9.500 prisoners were brought out of the camp and murdered in a number of execution sites, including Sandarmokh and Lodeynoye Polye, including many Catholic priests. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09])

Gulag: Network of Russian slave labour concentration camps. At any given time up to 12 mln inmates where held in them, milions perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09])

Jaroslav on Volga river: Harsh Russian prison for political prisoners — so‑called polit–isolator — where dozens of catholic priest were held by the Russians, mainly in 1930s, before sending them to Solovetsky Islands concentration camp.

Trial of 10—12.05.1930: Group trial of c. 30 Polish Catholic priests, one of a series of trials of Polish Catholic priests ministering in Ukraine, by a so‑called „Troika OGPU”, a Russian murderous kangaroo court that took place in Kiev. Most of the priest were sentences to years of slave labour in concentration camps and subsequently sent first to Yaroslav on Volga river prison and next to Solovetsky Island concentration camp. At least 18 did not return perishing in Russian concentration camps, places of mass executions or being deported to the east.

Kiev (Lyukyanivska): Russian political prison in Kiev, in the first half of 20th century run by the genocidal NKVD, informally referred to as prison No 1, formally as Investigative Prison No 13 (SIZO#13). It was founded in the early 19th century. In the 20th century, during the Soviet times, the prison church was transformed into another block of cells. During the reign of J. Stalin in Russia, more than 25,000 prisoners passed through it. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.09.21])

Polish-Russian war of 1919—21: War for independence of Poland and its borders. Poland regained independence in 1918 but had to fight for its borders with former imperial powers, in particular Russia. Russia planned to incite Bolshevik–like revolutions in the Western Europe and thus invaded Poland. Russian invaders were defeated in 08.1920 in a battle called Warsaw battle („Vistula river miracle”, one of the 10 most important battles in history, according to some historians). Thanks to this victory Poland recaptured part of the lands lost during partitions of Poland in XVIII century, and Europe was saved from the genocidal Communism. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

sources

personal:
przegladpolskopolonijny.files.wordpress.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20], sand.mapofmemory.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02], ru.openlist.wikiClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02]
bibliograhical:, „Fate of the Catholic clergy in USSR 1917‑39. Martyrology”, Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, ed. Science Society KUL, 2003, Lublin,
original images:
www.russiacristiana.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], ipn.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02]