• OUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA: st Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionOUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

  • St SIGISMUND: St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

personal data

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  • KOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael), source: commons.wikimedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael)
    source: commons.wikimedia.org
    own collection
  • KOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael), source: www.ekumenizm.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael)
    source: www.ekumenizm.pl
    own collection
  • KOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael), source: commons.wikimedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael)
    source: commons.wikimedia.org
    own collection
  • KOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael), source: www.mariawita.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael)
    source: www.mariawita.pl
    own collection

surname

KOWALSKI

forename(s)

John (pl. Jan)

religious forename(s)

Mary Michael (pl. Maria Michał)

  • KOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael) - Commemorative plaque, Temple of Mercy and Charity – Mariavite cathedral, Płock, source: commons.wikimedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael)
    Commemorative plaque, Temple of Mercy and Charity – Mariavite cathedral, Płock
    source: commons.wikimedia.org
    own collection
  • KOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael) - Commemorative plaque, Hartheim Castle, Austria, source: www.ekumenizm.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKOWALSKI John (Abp Mary Michael)
    Commemorative plaque, Hartheim Castle, Austria
    source: www.ekumenizm.pl
    own collection

function

archbishop

creed

Mariavite Church in Poland (from 1935) MImore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

academic distinctions

Sacred Theology MA

date and place
of death

18.05.1942

KL Dachau - MunichGermany (Bavaria) – Austria

alt. dates and places
of death

26.05.1942 (KL Dachau „death certificate” date)

details of death

In 1931 sentenced to 2 years in prison for „lewd acts against juvenile women of the convent and for using his position to force prostitution upon subordinate nuns”.

Execution of the sentence was suspended until 09.07.1936.

Jailed in Rawicz prison.

Released on 09.01.1938.

After German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the World War II, after start of German occupation, arrested by the Germans on 25.01.1940.

Jailed in Płock prison.

Next on 25.04.1941 transported to KL Dachau concentration camp.

Finally from there — totally exhausted — transported in a so‑called „invalid transport” towards TA Hartheim Euthanasia Center where was to be murdered in a gas chamber.

Did not reach the destination — prob. died during the first stage of the trip to TA Hartheim, on the way to Munich, and there dragged out of the truck and incinerated in city crematorium.

cause of death

extermination: gassing in a gas chamber

perpetrators

Germans

date and place
of birth

26.12.1871

Latowicztoday: Latowicz gm., Mińsk Mazowiecki pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]

alt. dates and places
of birth

14.12.1871

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

24.04.1897 (Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
)

positions held

from 1935

archbishop — Mariavite Church in Poland (from 1935) — after the split in the Mariavite Church

1921 – 1935

archbishop — Old–Catholic Mariavite Church in Poland (from 1919) — self–proclaimed (self–appointment)

05.10.1909

Bishop — Mariavite Church (1909‑1919) — ordination: Utrecht

1906

excommunicated, apostate of the Roman Catholic Church

c. 1906

parish priest — Stara Sobótkatoday: Grabów gm., Łęczyca pov., Łódź voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.22]
⋄ St Matthew the Apostle and St Roch the Confessor RC parish ⋄ Łęczycatoday: Łęczyca urban gm., Łęczyca pov., Łódź voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
RC deanery

c. 1904 – c. 1905

parish priest — Niesułkówtoday: Stryków gm., Zgierz pov., Łódź voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.05.30]
⋄ St Adalbert the Bishop and Martyr RC parish ⋄ Brzezinytoday: Brzeziny urban gm., Brzeziny pov., Łódź voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27]
RC deanery

c. 1903

general minister — Congregation of Mariavite Priests of Perpetual Adoration of Supplication

1903

Provincial — Płocktoday: Płock city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
⋄ Congregation of Mariavite Priests of Perpetual Adoration of Supplication

c. 1903

chaplain — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ Warsaw Charity Society's Orphanage for Girls at Rakowiecka Str. ⋄ Warsaw–in–urbedeanery name
today: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
RC deanery

c. 1900 – c. 1902

vicar — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ Transfiguration of the Lord RC parish ⋄ Warsaw–in–urbedeanery name
today: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
RC deanery

from 1900

novitiate — Congregation of Mariavite Priests of Perpetual Adoration of Supplication

c. 1899

vicar — Wolatoday: district of Warsaw, Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
⋄ St Stanislav the Bishop and Martyr and St Lawrence the Deacon and Martyr RC parish ⋄ Warsaw–extra–Urbemdeanery name
today: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
RC deanery

c. 1898

vicar — Łódźtoday: Łódź city pov., Łódź voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]
⋄ Exaltation of the Holy Cross RC parish ⋄ Łódźtoday: Łódź city pov., Łódź voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]
RC deanery

c. 1894 – c. 1897

student — Sankt Petersburgtoday: Saint Petersburg city, Russia
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.07.31]
⋄ theology, Imperial Roman Catholic Spiritual Academy (1842‑1918) — postgraduate specialised studies crowned with a Sacred Theology Master's degree

c. 1889 – c. 1893

student — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ philosophy and theology, Metropolitan Theological Seminary

author of the translation of the Holy Bible into Polish

married

comments

The urn containing the ashes of the victim — the body was prob. cremated at Germ. Ostfriedhof (Eng. Eastern cemetery) in Munich — is being kept in Am Perlacher Forst cemetery, at place known as Germ. Ehrenhain I (Eng. „Remembrance Grove nr 1”), in Munich (marked as urn no K3655)

others related
in death

KOMARClick to display biography Stanislav, KONIECZNYClick to display biography Julian, KOTLICKIClick to display biography Ignatius, KOTTClick to display biography Valentine, KOWALEWSKIClick to display biography Stanislav, KOWNACKIClick to display biography Martin Stanislav, KOZANECKIClick to display biography Adam, KOŹBIAŁClick to display biography Michael, KRAWCZYŃSKIClick to display biography Roman, KROPLEWSKIClick to display biography Albin John, KRUKOWSKIClick to display biography Joseph, KRUPCZYŃSKIClick to display biography Casimir Stanislav, KUBIŃSKIClick to display biography Stanislav, KUKLAClick to display biography Stanislav, KULIŃSKIClick to display biography Steven, KUTZNERClick to display biography Leo, KWAŚKIEWICZClick to display biography Leo Henry, KWIATKOWSKIClick to display biography Boleslav, LEWANDOWSKIClick to display biography Francis, LUDWICZAKClick to display biography Anthony John, LUDWIKClick to display biography Joseph, LUDWIKIEWICZClick to display biography Steven Ignatius, ŁABENTOWICZClick to display biography Sigismund Peter, ŁASZKIEWICZClick to display biography Stanislav, MAJKOWSKIClick to display biography Hillary, MAKOWSKIClick to display biography Alexander, MARUSARZClick to display biography Stanislav, MATEUSZCZYKClick to display biography Theodore, MAZALONClick to display biography Benjamin Louis, MICHALEWSKIClick to display biography John, MICKIEWICZClick to display biography Leo, MIJAKOWSKIClick to display biography Bogdan Joseph, MOKSClick to display biography Steven Andrew, MOSZCZEŃSKIClick to display biography Stanislav, MREŁAClick to display biography Francis Xavier (Fr Sigismund), MŚCICHOWSKIClick to display biography Anthony, MULLERClick to display biography Joseph Stanislav Kostka, MUSZYŃSKIClick to display biography Sigismund, NAPIERAŁAClick to display biography Francis, NIEDZIELAClick to display biography Joseph, NITECKIClick to display biography Anthony, NOAKClick to display biography Theodore, NOWAKClick to display biography Vincent, NOWICKIClick to display biography Felician, NOWICKIClick to display biography Joseph Henry, OGŁAZAClick to display biography Joseph Stanislav, OPRZĄDEKClick to display biography John (Bro. Martin), ORYNTClick to display biography Peter, OSIŃSKIClick to display biography Henry, PABICHClick to display biography Stanislav, PACEWSKIClick to display biography Anthony

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

TA Hartheim: In Germ. Tötungsanstalt TA Hartheim (Eng. Killing/Euthanasia Center), in Schloss Hartheim castle in Alkoven village in Upper Austria, belonging to KL Mauthausen–Gusen complex of concentration camps, as part of «Aktion T4», the victims — underdeveloped mentally — were murdered by Germans in gas chambers. In 04.1941 Germans expanded the program to include prisoners held in concentration camps. Most if not all religious from KL Dachau were taken to Hartheim in so called „transports of invalids” (denoted as „Aktion 14 f 13”) — prisoners sick and according to German standards „unable to work” — from KL Dachau concentration camp (initially under the guise of a transfer to a „better” camp).
Note: The dates of death of victims murdered in Schloss Hartheim indicated in the „White Book” are the dates of deportations from the last concentration camp the victims where held in. The real dates of death are unknown — apart from c. 49 priests whose names were included in the „transports of invalids”, but who did arrive at TA Hartheim. Prob. perished on the day of transport, somewhere between KL Dachau and Munich, and their bodies were thrown out of the transport and cremated in Munich. The investigation conducted by Polish Institute of National Remembrance IPN concluded, that the other victims were murdered immediately upon arrival in Schloss Hartheim, bodies cremated and the ashes spread over local fields and into Danube river. In order to hide details of the genocided Germans falsified both dates of death (for instance those entered into KL Dachau concentration camp books, presented in „White Book” as alternative dates of death) and their causes. (more on: ipn.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30]
)

«Aktion T4»: German euthanasia program, systematic murder of people mentally retarded, chronically, mentally and neurologically ill — „elimination of live not worth living” (Germ. „Vernichtung von lebensunwertem Leben”). At a peak, in 1940‑1941, c. 70,000 people were murdered, including patients of psychiatric hospitals in German occupied Poland. From 04.1941 also mentally ill and „disabled” (i.e. unable to work) prisoners held in German concentration camps were included in the program — denoted then as „Aktion 14 f 13”. C. 20,000 inmates were then murdered, including Polish Catholic priests held in KL Dachau concentration camp, who were murdered in Hartheim gas chambers. The other „regional extension” of «Aktion T4» was „Aktion Brandt” program during which Germans murdered chronically ill patients in order to make space for wounded soldiers. It is estimated that at least 30,000 were murdered in this program. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.31]
)

KL Dachau (prisoner no: 24542Click to display biography): KL Dachau in German Bavaria, set up in 1933, became the main concentration camp for Catholic priests and religious during World War II: On c. 09.11.1940, Reichsführer–SS Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, Gestapo and German police, as a result of the Vatican's intervention, decided to transfer all clergymen detained in various concentration camps to KL Dachau camp. The first major transports took place on 08.12.1940. In KL Dachau Germans held approx. 3,000 priests, including 1,800 Poles. The priests were forced to slave labor in the Germ. „Die Plantage” — the largest herb garden in Europe, managed by the genocidal SS, consisting of many greenhouses, laboratory buildings and arable land, where experiments with new natural medicines were conducted — for many hours, without breaks, without protective clothing, no food. They slaved in construction, e.g. of camp's crematorium. In the barracks ruled hunger, freezing cold in the winter and suffocating heat during the summer. Prisoners suffered from bouts of illnesses, including tuberculosis. Many were victims of murderous „medical experiments” — in 11.1942 c. 20 were given phlegmon injections; in 07.1942 to 05.1944 c. 120 were used by for malaria experiments. More than 750 Polish clerics where murdered by the Germans, some brought to Schloss Hartheim euthanasia centre and murdered in gas chambers. At its peak KL Dachau concentration camps’ system had nearly 100 slave labour sub–camps located throughout southern Germany and Austria. There were c. 32,000 documented deaths at the camp, and thousands perished without a trace. C. 10,000 of the 30,000 inmates were found sick at the time of liberation, on 29.04.1945, by the USA troops… (more on: www.kz-gedenkstaette-dachau.deClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.10]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.05.30]
)

Płock: In its present location, the prison in Płock was built in 1803 by the Prussians (after the Third Partition of Poland, Płock was initially part of the Prussia). From 1815, it functioned as a Russian prison (among others, the November insurgents were detained there). During World War II, during the German occupation — Płock found itself in the so‑called Germ. Regierungsbezirk Zichenau (Eng. Ciechanów regency), part of the Germ. Provinz Ostpreußen (Eng. East Prussia province) — it was managed by the Germans. The jail ran by the German political police Gestapo was located in a different place — initially in the basement of the present town hall in Płock. From 1941 it was transferred — as an investigative prison — to a building at 1st of May Str., built in 1905. Many of the Polish prisoners were next transported to German concentration camps, mainly KL Soldau, where they perished. After the German defeat, this building was taken over by the Russians, and then by the Polish Commie–Nazis in the service of the Russian KGB, and treacherous murders of former soldiers of the Polish Clandestine State were prob. carried out there. In 1991, the main prison was visited by Pope St John Paul II, who said to the inmates: „You are condemned, but not doomed”.

«Intelligenzaktion»: (Eng. „Action Intelligentsia”) — extermination program of Polish elites, mainly intelligentsia, executed by the Germans right from the start of the occupation in 09.1939 till around 05.1940, mainly on the lands directly incorporated into Germany but also in the so‑called General Governorate where it was called «AB‑aktion». During the first phase right after start of German occupation of Poland implemented as Germ. Unternehmen „Tannenberg” (Eng. „Tannenberg operation”) — plan based on proscription lists of Poles worked out by (Germ. Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen), regarded by Germans as specially dangerous to the German Reich. List contained names of c. 61,000 Poles. Altogether during this genocide Germans methodically murdered c. 50,000 teachers, priests, landowners, social and political activists and retired military. Further 50,000 were sent to concentration camps where most of them perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04]
)

Ribbentrop-Molotov: Genocidal Russian–German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so–called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti–Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislaus Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German–Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian–German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

sources

personal:
www.ipgs.usClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23]
, pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.10.05]
, www.ipgs.usClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23]
, arolsen-archives.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30]

bibliographical:
Urns kept at the Am Perlacher Forst cemetery — analysis”, Mr Gregory Wróbel, curator of the Museum of Independence Traditions in Łódź, private correspondence, 25.05.2020 Fr Matthew Budnik, private correspondence, 21.01.2021,
original images:
commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.26]
, www.ekumenizm.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.26]
, commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.26]
, www.mariawita.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.26]
, commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.26]
, www.ekumenizm.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.10.18]

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