Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland
XX century (1914 – 1989)
personal data
religious status
Servant of God
surname
KOMAR
forename(s)
Stanislaus (pl. Stanisław)
function
laybrother
creed
Latin (Roman Catholic) Churchmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]
congregation
Society of Jesus (Jesuits - SI)more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]
diocese / province
Greater Poland-Mazovian province SI
Polish Province SI (1918—26)
date and place
of death
18.05.1942
TA HartheimSchloss Hartheim „euthanasia” center
today: Alkoven, Eferding dist., Salzburg state, Austria
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.18]
alt. dates and places
of death
15.07.1942 (KL Dachau „death certificate” date)
details of death
During Russian revolution of 1917‑8 as an agricultural estate owner sentenced by Russians to death.
Released however and survived. Moved to now independent Poland.
After German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the II World War, after start of German occupation, arrested by the Germans arrested 23.09.1939, during mass arrests of Poznań Jesuits (arrested with Fr Henry Mroczka, Fr Felix Roseman, Fr Boleslaus Szopiński and Fr Vladislaus Wiącek, among others).
Forced to stand in line for execution.
Execution was stopped.
Jailed in Młyńska prison in Poznań.
From there taken to Golina (or Ląd) transit camp and there interned.
On 15.08.1940 transported out, through KL Posen concentration camp, to KL Buchenwald concentration camp and from there on 06‑08.12.1940 to KL Dachau concentration camp.
Finally — totally exhausted — was transported in a so‑called „invalid transport” to TA Hartheim Euthanasia Center where was murdered in a gas chamber.
cause of death
extermination: gassing in a gas chamber
perpetrators
Germans
date and place
of birth
30.03.1882
Stockholmtoday: Stockholm Cou., Sweden
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.08.05]
alt. dates and places
of birth
20.03.1882, 30.03.1895, 30.03.1897
religious vows
1926 (temporary)
positions held
1939
friar {Poznańtoday: Poznań city pow., Greater Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18], Sacred Heart of Jesus monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}, assistant at the Sacred Heart of Jesus church and assistant to the prefect of the monastery library
1935 – 1939
friar {Pinsktoday: Pinsk dist., Brest reg., Belarus
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.16], St Stanislaus the Bishop and Martyr monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}, sacristan
c. 1935
friar {parish: Kohavinetoday: district of Hnizdychiv, Hnizdychiv hrom., Stryi rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.11.09], main parish Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary; residence, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits); dean.: Stryitoday: Stryi urban hrom., Stryi rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.12.03]}
1931 – 1935
friar {Bunkovychin .Khyriv
today: Khyriv urban hrom., Sambir rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.11.09], St Joseph Spouse of the Blessed Virgin Mary monastery „in Khyriv”, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}, administrator of Society's estate and property, incl. Scientific and Educational Institute (St Joseph's college)
1928 – 1931
friar {Stara Wieśtoday: Brzozów gm., Brzozów pow., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18], Assumption into Heaven of the Blessed Mary monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}, administrator of Society's estate and property
1926 – 1928
friar {Lublintoday: Lublin city pow., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.08.20], St Peter the Apostle monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}, administrator of Society's estate and property, incl. Theological Department („Bobolanum” college)
1926
friar {Pinsktoday: Pinsk dist., Brest reg., Belarus
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.16], St Stanislaus the Bishop and Martyr monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}
c. 1925 – 1926
novitiate {Kalisztoday: Kalisz city pow., Greater Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.12.16], Visitation to the Blessed Virgin Mary monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}
c. 1924 – c. 1925
novitiate {Stara Wieśtoday: Brzozów gm., Brzozów pow., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18], Assumption into Heaven of the Blessed Mary monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}
22.11.1924
accession {Stara Wieśtoday: Brzozów gm., Brzozów pow., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18], Assumption into Heaven of the Blessed Mary monastery, Society of Jesus SI (Jesuits)}
student {Dublianytoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.11.09], agronomy, Agricultural Academy (from 1919 Department of Agriculture and Forestry of Lviv Polytechnic)}
comments
The location of the estate from before 1917/8 is unclear.
It could be located in Lithuania, where the Komar family had significant estates (as also indicated by his place of birth), but it could be in Ukraine, e.g. in Podolia (which, in turn, would be indicated by the place of his study).
Regardless of this, the described incident during the Russian Revolution had prob. took place in 1919 or 1920.
others related
in death
MROCZKAClick to display biography Henry, ROSEMANNClick to display biography Felix, SZOPIŃSKIClick to display biography Boleslaus, WIĄCEKClick to display biography Vladislav, KONIECZNYClick to display biography Julian, KOTLICKIClick to display biography Ignatius, KOTTClick to display biography Valentine, KOWALEWSKIClick to display biography Stanislaus, KOWALSKIClick to display biography John (Abp Mary Michael), KOWNACKIClick to display biography Martin Stanislaus, KOZANECKIClick to display biography Adam, KOŹBIAŁClick to display biography Michael, KRAWCZYŃSKIClick to display biography Roman, KROPLEWSKIClick to display biography Albin John, KRUKOWSKIClick to display biography Joseph, KRUPCZYŃSKIClick to display biography Casimir Stanislaus, KUBIŃSKIClick to display biography Stanislaus, KUKLAClick to display biography Stanislaus, KULIŃSKIClick to display biography Steven, KUTZNERClick to display biography Leo, KWAŚKIEWICZClick to display biography Leo Henry, KWIATKOWSKIClick to display biography Boleslaus, LEWANDOWSKIClick to display biography Francis, LUDWICZAKClick to display biography Anthony John, LUDWIKClick to display biography Joseph, LUDWIKIEWICZClick to display biography Steven Ignatius, ŁABENTOWICZClick to display biography Sigismund Peter, ŁASZKIEWICZClick to display biography Stanislaus, MAJKOWSKIClick to display biography Hillary, MAKOWSKIClick to display biography Alexander, MARUSARZClick to display biography Stanislaus, MATEUSZCZYKClick to display biography Theodore, MAZALONClick to display biography Benjamin Louis, MICHALEWSKIClick to display biography John, MICKIEWICZClick to display biography Leo, MIJAKOWSKIClick to display biography Bogdan Joseph, MOKSClick to display biography Steven Andrew, MOSZCZEŃSKIClick to display biography Stanislaus, MREŁAClick to display biography Francis Xavier (Fr Sigismund), MŚCICHOWSKIClick to display biography Anthony, MULLERClick to display biography Joseph Stanislaus Kostka, MUSZYŃSKIClick to display biography Sigismund, NAPIERAŁAClick to display biography Francis, NIEDZIELAClick to display biography Joseph, NITECKIClick to display biography Anthony, NOAKClick to display biography Theodore, NOWAKClick to display biography Vincent, NOWICKIClick to display biography Felician, NOWICKIClick to display biography Joseph Henry, OGŁAZAClick to display biography Joseph Stanislaus, OPRZĄDEKClick to display biography John (Bro. Martin), ORYNTClick to display biography Peter, OSIŃSKIClick to display biography Henry, PABICHClick to display biography Stanislaus, PACEWSKIClick to display biography Anthony
murder sites
camp
(+ prisoner no)
TA Hartheim: In Germ. Tötungsanstalt TA Hartheim (Eng. Killing/Euthanasia Center), in Schloss Hartheim castle in Alkoven village in Upper Austria, belonging to KL Mauthausen–Gusen complex of concentration camps, as part of „Aktion T4”, the victims — underdeveloped mentally — were murdered by Germans in gas chambers. In 04.1941 Germans expanded the program to include prisoners held in concentration camps. Most if not all religious from KL Dachau were taken to Hartheim in so called „transports of invalids” (denoted as „Aktion 14 f 13”) — prisoners sick and according to German standards „unable to work” — from KL Dachau concentration camp (initially under the guise of a transfer to a „better” camp).
Note: The dates of death of victims murdered in Schloss Hartheim indicated in the „White Book” are the dates of deportations from the last concentration camp the victims where held in. The real dates of death are unknown — apart from c. 49 priests whose names were included in the „transports of invalids”, but who did arrive at TA Hartheim. Prob. perished on the day of transport, somewhere between KL Dachau and Munich, and their bodies were thrown out of the transport and cremated in Munich. The investigation conducted by Polish Institute of National Remembrance IPN concluded, that the other victims were murdered immediately upon arrival in Schloss Hartheim, bodies cremated and the ashes spread over local fields and into Danube river. In order to hide details of the genocided Germans falsified both dates of death (for instance those entered into KL Dachau concentration camp books, presented in „White Book” as alternative dates of death) and their causes. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30])
Aktion T4: German euthanasia program, systematic murder of people mentally retarded, chronically, mentally and neurologically ill — „elimination of live not worth living” (Germ. „Vernichtung von lebensunwertem Leben”). In a peak, in 1940‑1, c. 70,000 people were murdered, including patients of psychiatric hospitals in German occupied Poland. From 04.1941 also mentally ill and „disabled” (i.e. unable to work) prisoners held in German concentration camps were included in the program — denoted then as „Aktion 14 f 13”. C. 20,000 inmates were then murdered, including Polish catholic priests held in KL Dachau concentration camp, who were murdered in Hartheim gas chambers. The other „regional extension” of Aktion T4 was „Aktion Brandt” program during which Germans murdered chronically ill patients in order to make space for wounded soldiers. It is estimated that at least 30,000 were murdered in this program. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.31])
KL Dachau w niemieckiej Bawarii, założony w 1933, stał się głównym obozem koncentracyjnym dla księży katolickich w czasie II wojny światowej: 09.11.1940 Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler, szef SS, Gestapo i niemieckiej policji, w wyniku interwencji Watykanu, podjął decyzję o przeniesieniu wszystkich duchownych przetrzymywanych w różnych obozach koncentracyjnych do obozu KL Dachau. Pierwsze większe transporty miały miejsce 08.12.1940. W KL Dachau Niemcy więzili ok. 3,000 kapłanów, w tym ok. 1,800 polskich. Kapłanów zmuszano do niewolniczej pracy na tzw. „Plantagach” – niem. „Die Plantage”, największym w Europie, zarządzanym przez ludobójcze SS ogrodzie ziołowym, składającym się z wielu szklarni, budynków laboratoryjnych i ziemi ornej, gdzie prowadzono eksperymenty z noymi lekami naturalnymi – przez wiele godzin, bez przerw, bez ochronnych ubrań, bez pożywienia. Pracowali przy budowach, m.in. krematorium. W barakach więziennych panował głód, szczególnie w latach 1941—2, zimą przejmujące zimno a latem nieznośny upał. Więźniowie zapadali na choroby, w szczególności gruźlicę. Na wielu przeprowadzano zbrodnicze „eksperymenty medyczne” – in 11.1942 ok. 20 kapłanów otrzymało zastrzyki z flegmony; od 07.1920 do 05.1944 ok. 120 poddanych zostało eksperymentom malarycznym. Ponad 750 polskich duchownych zostało przez Niemców zamordowanych, w tym wielu zagazowanych w ośrodku eutanacyjnym Scholoss Hartheim w Austrii. System obozów KL Dachau w szczytowym momencie miał ok. 100 podobozów niewolniczej pracy przymusowej – w południowych Niemczech i Austrii. Udokumentowanych zostało ok. 32,000 przypadków śmierci w obozie, tysiące zginęło bez śladu. W momencie oswobodzenia 29.04.1945 przez wojska USA ok. 10,000 na 30,000 więźniów było chorych… (prisoner no: 21877Click to display biography): KL Dachau in German Bavaria, set up in 1933, became the main concentration camp for Catholic priests and religious during II World War: On c. 09.11.1940, Reichsführer–SS Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, Gestapo and German police, as a result of the Vatican's intervention, decided to transfer all clergymen detained in various concentration camps to KL Dachau camp. The first major transports took place on 08.12.1940. In KL Dachau Germans held approx. 3,000 priests, including 1,800 Poles. The priests were forced to slave labor in the Germ. „Die Plantage” — the largest herb garden in Europe, managed by the genocidal SS, consisting of many greenhouses, laboratory buildings and arable land, where experiments with new natural medicines were conducted — for many hours, without breaks, without protective clothing, no food. They slaved in construction, e.g. of camp's crematorium. In the barracks ruled hunger, freezing cold in the winter and suffocating heat during the summer. Prisoners suffered from bouts of illnesses, including tuberculosis. Many were victims of murderous „medical experiments” — in 11.1942 c. 20 were given phlegmon injections; in 07.1942 to 05.1944 c. 120 were used by for malaria experiments. More than 750 Polish clerics where murdered by the Germans, some brought to Schloss Hartheim euthanasia centre and murdered in gas chambers. At its peak KL Dachau concentration camps’ system had nearly 100 slave labour sub–camps located throughout southern Germany and Austria. There were c. 32,000 documented deaths at the camp, and thousands perished without a trace. C. 10,000 of the 30,000 inmates were found sick at the time of liberation, on 29.04.1945, by the USA troops… (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.05.30])
KL Buchenwald (prisoner no: 4211Click to display biography): In KL Buchenwald concentration camp, founded in 1937 and operational till 1945, Germans held c. 238,380 prisoners and murdered approx. 56,000 of them, among them thousands of Poles. Prisoners were victims of pseudo–scientific experiments, conducted among others by Behring–Werke from Marburg and Robert Koch Institute from Berlin companies. They slaved for Gustloff in Weimar and Fritz–Sauckel companies manufacturing armaments. To support Erla–Maschinenwerk GmbH in Leipzig, Junkers in Schönebeck (airplanes) and Rautal in Wernigerode Germans organized special sub–camps. In 1945 there were more than 100 such sub–camps. Dora concentration camp was initially one of them, as well as KL Ravensbrück sub–camps (from 08.1944). On 08.04.1945 Polish prisoner, Mr Guido Damazyn, used clandestinely constructed short wave transmitter to sent, together with a Russian prisoner, a short message begging for help. It was received and he got a reply: „KZ Bu. Hold out. Rushing to your aid. Staff of Third Army” (American). Three days later the camp was liberated. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.10])
KL Posen: German Posen — Fort VII — camp founded in c. 10.10.1939 in Poznań till mid of 11.1939 operated formally as KL Posen concentration camp (Germ. Konzentrationslager), and this term is used throughout the White Book, also later periods. It was first such a concentration camp set up by the Germans on Polish territory — in case of Greater Poland (Wielkopolska) directly incorporated into German Reich. In 10.1939 in KL Posen for the first time Germans used gas to murder civilian population, in particular patients of local psychiatric hospitals. From 11.1939 the camp operated as German political police Gestapo prison and transit camp (Germ. Übergangslager), prior to sending off to concentration camps, such as KL Dachau or KL Auschwitz. In 28.05.1941 the camp was rebranded as police jail and slave labour corrective camp (Germ. Arbeitserziehungslager). At its peak up to 7‑9 executions were carried in the camp per day, there were mass hangings of the prisoners and some of them were led out to be murdered elsewhere, outside of the camp. Altogether in KL Posen Germans exterminated approx. 20,000 inhabitants of Greater Poland (Wielkopolska) region, including many representatives of Polish intelligentsia, patients and staff of psychiatric hospitals and dozen or so Polish priests. Hundreds of priests were held there temporarily prior to transport to other concentration camps, mainly KL Dachau. From 03.1943 the camp had been transformed into an industrial complex (from 25.04.1944 — Telefunken factory manufacturing radios for submarines and aircrafts). (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.12.27])
Ląd: In 1940‑41, in a formerly cistercian priory and monastery (today Salesian Institute) in Ląd on Warta river Germans set‑up a transit camp for Polish priests and religious, from Włocławek, Gniezno, Warszawa, Poznań, Płock and Częstochowa dioceses and religious and monks from a number of congregations. Approx. 152 religious (70 till 03.04.1941 and 82 in 6‑28.10.1941) were held there prior to being sent to KL Dachau concentration camp. (more on: yadda.icm.edu.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14])
Poznań (Młyńska str.): Germ. Untersuchungshaftanstalt Posen — German detention centre run by German political police Gestapo at 1 Młyńska Str. in Poznań. Death sentences were carried out there, by guillotine and hanging — in total, during World War II, the Germans murdered c. 1,600 people there. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.10.05])
Intelligenzaktion: (Eng. „Action Intelligentsia”) — extermination program of Polish elites, mainly intelligentsia, executed by the Germans right from the start of the occupation in 09.1939 till around 05.1940, mainly on the lands directly incorporated into Germany but also in the so‑called General Governorate where it was called AB‑aktion. During the first phase right after start of German occupation of Poland implemented as Germ. Unternehmen „Tannenberg” (Eng. „Tannenberg operation”) — plan based on proscription lists of Poles worked out by (Germ. Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen), regarded by Germans as specially dangerous to the German Reich. List contained names of c. 61,000 Poles. Altogether during this genocide Germans methodically murdered c. 50,000 teachers, priests, landowners, social and political activists and retired military. Further 50,000 were sent to concentration camps where most of them perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04])
Ribbentrop-Molotov: Genocidal Russian–German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the II World War in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so–called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti–Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislaus Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German–Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called Intelligenzaktion, in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian–German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])
Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic–pre–Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence [...], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions [...] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”... Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28])
sources
personal:
www.jezuici.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23], www.miejscapamiecinarodowej.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.02.15], www.ipgs.usClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23], archive.todayClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], arolsen-archives.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30]
bibliograhical:, „A martyrology of Polish clergy under German occupation, 1939‑45”, Fr Szołdrski Vladislaus CSSR, Rome 1965,
original images:
www.meczennicy.pelplin.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.03.01], www.sowiniec.com.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], college.holycross.eduClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.05.19], www.miejscapamiecinarodowej.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09]
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