function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Churchmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Mogilev archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.06.23]

date and place
of death

04.11.1937

Vitebsktoday: Vitebsk reg., Belarus
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.01.18]

alt. dates and places
of death

27.08.1937

Minsktoday: Minsk city reg., Belarus
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.07.31]

details of death

alt. details of death

cause of death

mass murder

perpetrators

Russians

date and place
of birth

05.01.1885

Zabołocielocation unclear
today: Lyepyel dist., Vitebsk reg., Belarus

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

1909

positions held

others related
in death

ANDREKUSClick to display biography Constantine, AWGŁOClick to display biography Peter, BOROWIKClick to display biography John, JACZEJKOClick to display biography Anthony, JANUKOWICZClick to display biography Peter, JAROSZEWICZClick to display biography Stanislaus, KASZCZYCClick to display biography Adolph, KAZIUNASClick to display biography Paul, PRYTUŁŁOClick to display biography Alexander, RAJKOClick to display biography Stanislaus, GRABOWSKIClick to display biography Francis, MICHASIONEKClick to display biography Nicholas

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

Judicial murders 1937 Minsk: In 1937 and 1938, during so‑called „Polish operation” — Russian genocide of Polish citizens in Russia — In Minsk, more precisely: in Belarus, a number of trials of Poles, accused of membership of Polish Military Organisation POW (a clandestine Polish organization in Russia active during World War I in 1914‑8) and espionage for Poland. Altogether from 08.1937 till 09.1938 in Belarus 23,429 people, including 21,407 Poles, were arrested. Russian genocidal „Troika NKVD” kangaroo courts had mainly one sentence in their books: death by execution (in Ukraine alone during whole „ Polish operation” 61.77% of sentences were death sentences). Among others on 25.08.1937 in Minsk at least 7 Polish priests were sentenced to death: Fr Constantine Andrekus, Fr Peter Awgło, Fr John Borowikiem, Fr Peter Janukowicz, Fr Anthony Jaczejko, Fr. Alexander Prytułło and Fr Stanislaus Rajko. On 20.10.1937 in Vitebsk Fr. Adolph Fillip was tried. On 22.10.1937 Fr Paul Kaziunas was sentenced. On the same day in Orsha Russians sentenced to death Fr Adolph Kaszczyc. And finally on 03.01.1938 Fr Stanislaus Jaroszewicz was tried. All were murdered in Russian prisons. (more on: pamiec.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02])

11.08.1937 Russian genocide: On 11.08.1937 Russian leader Stalin decided and NKWD head, Nicholas Jeżow, signed a „Polish operation” executive order no 00485. 139,835 Poles living in Russia were thus sentenced summarily to death. According to the records of the „Memorial” International Association for Historical, Educational, Charitable and Defense of Human Rights ” (Rus. Международное историко–просветительское, правозащитное и благотворительное общество „Мемориал”), specialising with historical research and promoting knowledge about the victims of Russian repressions — 111,091 were murdered. 28,744 were sentenced to deportation to concentration camps in Gulag. Altogether however more than 100,000 Poles were deported, mainly to Kazakhstan, Siberia, Kharkov and Dniepropetrovsk. According to some historians, the number of victims should be multiplied by at least two, because not only the named persons were murdered, but entire Polish families (the mere suspicion of Polish nationality was sufficient). Taking into account the fact that the given number does not include the genocide in eastern Russia (Siberia), the number of victims may be as high as 500,000 Poles. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14])

Great Purge 1937: In the summer of 1937 Polish Catholic priests held in Solovetsky Islands, Anzer Island and BelBaltLag were locked in prison cells (some in Sankt Petersburg). Next in a few kangaroo, murderous Russian trials (on 09.10.1937, 25.11.1937, among others) run by so‑called „Troika NKVD” all were sentenced to death. They were subsequently executed by a single shot to the back of the head. The murders took place either in Sankt Petersburg prison or directly in places of mass murder, e.g. Sandarmokh or Levashov Wilderness, where their bodies were dumped into the ditches. Other priests were arrested in the places they still ministered in and next murdered in local NKVD headquarters (e.g. in Minsk in Belarus), after equally genocidal trials run by aforementioned „Troika NKVD” kangaroo courts.

Minsk: Russian prison. In 1937 site of mass murders perpetrated by the Russians during a „Great Purge”. After Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the World War II place of incarceration of many Poles, In 06.1941, under attack by Germans, Russians murdered there a group of Polish prisoner kept in Central and co‑called American prisons in Mińsk. The rest were driven towards Czerwień in a „death march” (10,000‑20,000 prisoners perished), into Russia. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.17])

Forced exile: One of the standard Russian forms of repression. The prisoners were usually taken to a small village in the middle of nowhere — somewhere in Siberia, in far north or far east — dropped out of the train carriage or a cart, left out without means of subsistence or place to live. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

Trial of 05.07.1932: Russian trial of Catholic priests held in Solovetsky Islands and Anzer Island, accused of „creation of an anti–Russian group that conducted anti–Russian agitation, clandestinely celebrated Mass and religious rites and maintained an illegal contact with a free worker for purposes of transmitting abroad information of an espionage character about the situation of Catholics in the Russia”. The prisoners were given prolonged sentences in concentration camp and spread them among the various Gułag camps.

AnzerLag: Russian concentration camp on the Anzer Island on White Sea. On the Island, 47 km2, belonging to Solovetsky Islands archipelago, Russians organised one of the first concentration camps in Russia (part of Solovetsky Islands concentratoin camp). In 1930ties c. 32 Catholic priests were held there most of who perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

Gulag: Network of Russian slave labour concentration camps. At any given time up to 12 mln inmates where held in them, milions perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09])

sources

personal:
biographies.library.nd.eduClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20], parafialugarosja.blogspot.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20], cyclowiki.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02], ru.openlist.wikiClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02], pl.catholicmartyrs.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20], belarusguide.livejournal.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02], www.iwieniec.euClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.12.28]
bibliograhical:, „Fate of the Catholic clergy in USSR 1917‑39. Martyrology”, Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, ed. Science Society KUL, 2003, Lublin,
original images:
cyclowiki.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02], belarusguide.livejournal.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02]