Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland
XX century (1914 – 1989)
personal data

surname
SEŃCZUK
forename(s)
John (pl. Jan)

function
eparchial priest
creed
Ukrainian Greek Catholic GCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]
diocese / province
Stanyslaviv GC eparchymore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]
nationality
Ukrainian
date and place
of death
04.08.1943

Rudnykytoday: Rudnyky hrom., Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02]
alt. dates and places
of death
1943 (summer)
details of death
From 1914 ministered in the Rudnyky parish. In 1939, the parish village — on the Rybnytsya River, a right tributary of the Prut, in the historic land of Pokuttia, in the south of Red Ruthenia — was inhabited by c. 1,900 people, of whom c. 80% were Greek Catholic Ukrainians and c. 18% Roman Catholic Poles. In addition, c. 30 Jews lived in the village. The village was also the seat of the manor/palace of the Moysa‐Rosochacki family, of Armenian origin.
After the German and Russian attack on Poland in 09.1939 and the start of World War II, Rudnyky was occupied by the Russians on c. 18‐20.09.1939 — in accordance with the genocidal agreement between the two allies, known as the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of 23.08.1939, later confirmed by the so‐called „Treaty on the Frontiers and Friendship between Germany and Russia” of 28.09.1939, also known as the Second Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. The Russian occupation began.
During the Russian occupation, Poles experienced, like the inhabitants of other villages and towns, Russian persecution. Already in the autumn of 1939, the Russians plundered the Moysa‐Rosochacki manor, evicting the family from the village (the owner, Michael Moysa‐Rosochacki, was later arrested by the Russians and murdered in the Brygidki or Zamarstyniv prison in Lviv, just before or perhaps during the genocide in Russian prisons in 06.1941). The next step was the Sovietization of schools, which meant, for example, the removal of religious education. Immediately afterwards, mass arrests of Poles began. In four large deportations deep into Russia, „to Siberia”, the Russians deported between 340,000 and 1,000,000 Polish citizens, entire families, „especially those who held significant positions”, i.e. teachers, officers and military settlers, political activists, estate owners, businessmen, officials, and other wealthy individuals, considered by the Russians to be a „hostile and harmful element”. And so, in the first of them, on c. 10.02.1940, in the middle of a particularly frosty winter, according to data from the Convoy Forces of the genocidal NKVD, c. 88,385 people were deported from „Western Ukraine”, including from Pokuttia, where ministered. Practically, none of them ever returned to their homeland.
It is not known whether, and how many, Poles were deported from his parish.
On Rudnyky ministered also on 22.06.1941, when the Germans attacked their erstwhile ally, the Russians. To his village first, prob. at the beginning of 07.1941, Romanian troops collaborating with the Germans entered, soon to be replaced by Hungarian military units. The Germans took control at the beginning of 08.1941.
Rudnyky found itself in the Germ. Kreishauptmannschaft Kolomea (Eng. Kolomyia County), within the Germ. Distrikt Galizien (Eng. District of Galicia), part of the German‐occupied and run quasi‐state called the Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), i.e. GG. The persecution of Jews began immediately. In the Germ. Kreishauptmannschaft Kolomea, in the vicinity of his village, the Germans organized two ghettos — in Kolomyia and a much smaller one in Sniatyn (the two other were a bit further away). From both of them most of the Jews were deported — after the start of the genocidal plan Germ. «Endlösung der Judenfrage» (Eng. Final Solution of the Jewish Question), i.e. extermination of the Jewish community, in the GG called by the German codename Germ. «Aktion Reinhardt» (Eng. Operation Reinhardt) — to the Germ. Vernichtungslager (Eng. Extermination Camp) VL Belzec, where they were all murdered. Some were murdered in the ghettos themselves — those hiding, while being herded to railway wagons, etc. Jews from Rudnyky prob. were first driven to Zabolotiv, c. 7 km away, near the railway line connecting Kolomyia with Sniatyn and then Chernivtsi. Jewish sources are not precise here — on the one hand, they state that on 07.09.1942, c. 250 people were transported from Zabolotiv to Sniatyn, and then on 10.09.1942, the Jews were transported from Sniatyn in 10 „cattle wagons” to VL Belzec; on the other hand, they state that between 07‐11.09.1939, c. 17,300 Jews were deported from Kolomyia and the surrounding area, including Zabolotiv. It is most probable that the Jews from Zabolotiv were first transported to Sniatyn, from there to Kolomyia — via Zabolotiv — where the wagons were connected to a larger transport, and from there to VL Belzec. In both Germ. Aktion (Eng. Operation), an active role was played by collaborative Ukrainian police units of Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei (Eng. Ukrainian Auxiliary Police), in some regions also operating as Germ. Schutzmannschaft (Eng. Security Battalions), i.e. Schuma.
Immediately afterwards, in 02.1943, c. 250 km to the north, in Volyn, Roman Shukhevych, nom de guerre „Taras Chuprynka”, the chief commander of the Ukrainian, genocidal OUN/UPA organisation, who in 1941 was a member of the Ukrainian Germ. Sondergruppe Nachtigall (Eng. Special Group Nightingale) — a unit of the Germ. Wehrmacht (Eng. Armed Forces) that took part in the German attack on Russians in 1941, accused of participating in the Jewish pogrom in Lviv in 1941 — and later a member of the Germ. Schutzmannschaftsbataillon 201 (Eng. 201st Protection team Battalion) — responsible for the murder of Jews and civilians in the territory of Belarus — issued an order: „The extermination operation should be carried out according to the following principles: Polish villages are to be burned, and their populations massacred. Attacks on towns will take place in broad daylight, not at night. In mixed villages, the Polish population alone should be liquidated, and farmsteads should be burned only if they are 15 meters away and when there is no risk of the fire spreading to neighboring Ukrainian buildings. The Ukrainian population will receive instructions as to where to gather during the attack […] For every Ukrainian murdered, whether by Poles or Germans, 100 (one hundred) Poles will be executed”.
It was the de facto signal for the commencement of the «Genocidium Atrox» — i.e. the genocide perpetrated by Ukrainians, known as „Volyn genocide”.
Immediately thereafter, in 03.1943, the UPA issued an appeal to members of the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei to desert and join the UPA ranks. Perhaps as many as 10,000 Ukrainians did so.
Volyn was drenched in Polish blood. Tens of thousands of Poles were murdered by the Ukrainians — with German passivity — in an extremely barbaric manner. Hundreds of villages were burned.
Shukhevych's appeal was not formally addressed to the units of the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei in the Germ. Distrikt Galizien — because there in 1943 the genocidal OUN did not establish an armed wing under the name of UPA, but formed armed units under a euphemistic name, to „confuse” the Germans, Ukr. Українська Народна Самооборона (Eng. Ukrainian National Self‐Defense), i.e. UNS — but de facto also there the Ukrainian génocidaires, „unemployed” after the end of the Germ. «Aktion Reinhardt», deserted and joined the UNS. Their main goal, like the OUN/UPA, was the extermination of the Polish population, although its internal documentation and reports ostentatiously stated „defense against the terror of the German authorities”.
Shukhevych entrusted the position of UNS commander to the genocidal perpetrator Alexander Lutsky, nom de guerre „Andriyenko”, trained in 1940 in Kraków, the capital of the GG, in the so‐called „Konovalec Officers' School”. Under strict German control, of course. From 1939, the Germans in GG pursued a clearly pro‐Ukrainian policy. Ukrainians were guaranteed self‐government, the use of the Ukrainian language in administration, and Ukrainian education. The Ukrainian police, Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei (Eng. Ukrainian Auxiliary Police), in some regions also referred to as Germ. Schutzmannschaft (Eng. Protection Battalions), i.e. Schuma, began its operations. Ukrainians were also entrusted with prison service, employed in concentration camp crews, and employed in lower administration. Ukrainian political organizations operated openly, such as the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists OUN, the Ukrainian Central Committee UCC, which became the Ukrainian representation towards the German authorities. They were allowed to take over Polish schools, reading rooms, and churches and organize them as Ukrainian. In 1940, the Ukr. Служба Безпеки (Eng. Security Service), i.e. SB OUN, was allowed to be established under the watchful care of the Germans, whose task was to track down political and ideological opponents of the OUN. SB OUN training was conducted, among others, in Zakopane, at the „Stamary” hotel. According to the hotel's contemporary website, „the training included the principles of sabotage, Gestapo interrogation methods, and killing methods”. All these undertakings were overseen by the Germ. Geheime Staatspolizei (Eng. Secret State Police), i.e. the Gestapo, which in Zakopane had its headquarters in the „Palace” villa, where Polish patriots were being murdered. The „graduates” of the „Konovalec Officers' School” and the SB OUN was later to lead and participate in genocidal attacks on the Polish community, i.e. «Genocidium Atrox».
The choice of Zakopane and Kraków as training places for future génocidaires was not accidental. At the same time, i.e. in 1939‐1940, the Germans and Russians were agreeing and specifying the details of the extermination of the Polish intelligentsia and leaders. This happened at four so‐called thematic conferences, when the German Gestapo, and the Rus. Народный Комиссариат Внутренних Дел (Eng. People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs), i.e. NKVD, two genocidal allied organizations, debated cooperation and ways of combating and exterminating Poles in the territories they occupied. The first took place on 27.11.1939 in Brest‐on‐the‐Bug; the second immediately afterwards in Przemyśl. The third was held on 20.02.1940 in Zakopane, in the villas „Pan Tadeusz” (Eng. „Sir Thaddeus”) and „Telimena”, the fourth in 03.1940 in Kraków. In the meantime, at the beginning of 02.1940, in Hermann Göring's hunting lodge in Rominty in the Romincka Forest, a meeting of two génocidaires, Heinrich Himmler and Lavrentiy Beria, took place, where the decision to exterminate Polish society and combat the Polish resistance movement was probably finalized. As a consequence, in 04.1940, almost simultaneously, the genocidal murders of Polish prisoners of war began in Russia, which went down in history as the «Katyn genocide», and in the German‐occupied GG, the Germ. Außerordentliche Befriedungsaktion (Eng. Extraordinary Pacification Action) began, i.e. «Aktion AB», which was part of the so‐called Germ. «Intelligenzaktion» (Eng. Operation Intelligentsia), aimed at exterminating Polish political and intellectual elites.
Three years later, German–Russian–Ukrainian cooperation resulted in the «Genocidium Atrox», also in his parish Rudnyky.
It was then that was murdered.
A Polish source states: „In the summer of 1943, the Ukrainian priest Seńczuk was murdered by Banderites from the SB OUN for hosting a Pole, a disabled man named Leo Zakrzewski, for a year (he did not know that Zakrzewski was an officer of the WP [i.e. the Polish Army] and the ZWZ [i.e. the clandestine Union of Armed Struggle, part of the nascent Polish ClandestineState])”.
Another source states that the aforementioned Zakrzewski was murdered on the same day, and his killer was a certain Yuri Seńczuk — which indicates a possible kinship — who served in the „Ukrainian police”, i.e. the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei.
On 12.10.2007, the génocidaire Roman Shukhevych was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Ukraine. In several locations, monuments and commemorative plaques have been erected to this Lat. „hostis humani generis” — as well as to the génocidaire Alexander Lutsky — and schools and streets were named after them.
Lat. „O Tempora! O mores!”
cause of death
mass murder
perpetrators
Ukrainians
sites and events
«Genocidium Atrox»Click to display the description, GeneralgouvernementClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description
date and place
of birth
1879

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination
1905

positions held
1914 – 1943
parish priest — Rudnykytoday: Rudnyky hrom., Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02] ⋄ Intercession of the Mother of God GC parish ⋄ Sniatyntoday: Sniatyn urban hrom., Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.22] GC deanery
1911 – 1914
parish priest — Viknyanytoday: Tlumach urban hrom., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02] ⋄ Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary GC parish ⋄ Tlumachtoday: Tlumach urban hrom., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.12.03] GC deanery
c. 1910 – 1911
administrator — Viknyanytoday: Tlumach urban hrom., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02] ⋄ Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary GC parish ⋄ Tlumachtoday: Tlumach urban hrom., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.12.03] GC deanery
till c. 1909
curatus/rector/expositus — Piadykytoday: Piadyky hrom., Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.09.10] ⋄ Intercession of the Mother of God GC parish ⋄ Kolomyiatoday: Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
pl.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.07.31] GC deanery
1905 – c. 1907
vicar — Mala Kamyankatoday: Piadyky hrom., Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.09.10] ⋄ GC church ⋄ Piadykytoday: Piadyky hrom., Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.09.10], Intercession of the Mother of God GC parish ⋄ Kolomyiatoday: Kolomyia rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk obl., Ukraine
more on
pl.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.07.31] GC deanery
c. 1900 – 1905
student — Rometoday: Rome prov., Lazio reg., Italy
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18] ⋄ philosophy and theology, Pontifical College of St Josaphat [Ukrainian Pontifical College of St Josaphat (from 1932) / St Josaphat College (1904‐1932) / Pontifical Rutheanum College (till 1904)]
widower
others related
in death
GOJClick to display biography Stephen, GRZESIOWSKIClick to display biography Joseph, ŚLIWIŃSKIClick to display biography Eustace
sites and events
descriptions
«Genocidium Atrox»: In 1939‐1947, especially in 1943‐1944, independent Ukrainian units, mainly belonging to genocidal Ukrainian organizations OUN (political arm) and UPA (military arm), supported by local Ukrainian population, murdered — often in extremely brutal way — in Volyn and surrounding regions of pre‐war Poland, from 130,000 to 180,000 Poles, all civilians: men, women, children, old and young. Polish‐Ukrainian conflict that openly emerged during and after World War I (in particular resulting in Polish‐Ukrainian war of 1918‐1919), that survived and even deepened later when western Ukraine became a part Poland, exploded again after the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. During Russian occupation of 1939‐1941, when hundreds of thousands of Poles were deported into central Russia, when tens of thousands were murdered (during so‐called Katyń massacres, among others), this open conflict had a limited character, helped by the fact that at that time Ukrainians, Ukrainian nationalists in particular, were also persecuted by the Russians. The worst came after German‐Russian war started on 22.06.1941 and German occupation resulted. Initially Ukrainians supported Germans (Ukrainian police was initiated, Ukrainians co—participated in extermination of the Jews and were joining army units fighting alongside Germans). Later when German ambivalent position towards Ukraine became apparent Ukrainians started acting independently. And in 1943 one of the units of aforementioned Ukrainian OUN/UPA organization, in Volyn, started and perpetrated a genocide of Polish population of this region. In mere few weeks OUN/UPA murdered, with Germans passively watching on the sidelines, more than 40,000 Poles. This strategy was consequently approved and adopted by all OUN/UPA organisations and similar genocides took place in Eastern Lesser Poland (part of Ukraine) where more than 20,000 Poles were slaughtered, meeting however with growing resistance from Polish population. Further west, in Chełm, Rzeszów, etc. regions this genocide turned into an extremely bloody conflict. In general genocide, perpetrated by Ukrainian nationalists, partly collaborating with German occupants, on vulnerable Polish population took part in hundreds of villages and small towns, where virtually all Polish inhabitants were wiped out. More than 200 priests, religious and nuns perished in this holocaust — known as «Genocidium Atrox» (Eng. „savage genocide”) The nature and purpose of genocide is perhaps best reflected in the song sung by the murderers: „We will slaughter the Poles, we will cut down the Jews, we must conquer the great Ukraine” (ukr. „Поляків виріжем, Євреїв видусим, велику Україну здобути мусим”). This holocaust and conflict ended up in total elimination of Polish population and Polish culture from Ukraine, in enforced deportations in 1944‐1945 of remaining Poles from Ukraine and some Ukrainians into Ukraine proper, and finally in deportation of Ukrainians from East‐South to the Western parts of Polish republic prl by Commie‐Nazi Russian controlled Polish security forces („Vistula Action”). (more on: www.swzygmunt.knc.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.06.20])
Generalgouvernement: After the Polish defeat in the 09.1939 campaign, which was the result of the Ribbentrop‐Molotov Pact and constituted the first stage of World War II, and the beginning of German occupation in part of Poland (in the other, eastern part of Poland, the Russian occupation began), the Germans divided the occupied Polish territory into five main regions. In two of them new German provinces were created, two other were incorporated into other provinces. However, the fifth part was treated separately, and in a political sense it was supposed to recreate the German idea from 1915 (during World War I, after the defeat of the Russians in the Battle of Gorlice in 05.1915) of creating a Polish enclave within Germany. Illegal in the sense of international law, i.e. Hague Convention, and public law, managed by the Germans according to separate laws — especially established for the Polish Germ. Untermenschen (Eng. subhumans) — till the Russian offensive in 1945 it constituted part of the Germ. Großdeutschland (Eng. Greater Germany). Till 31.07.1940 formally called Germ. Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete (Eng. General Government for the occupied Polish lands) — later simply Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), as in the years 1915‐1918. From 07.1941, i.e. after the German attack on 22.06.1941 against the erstwhile ally, the Russians, it also included the Galicia district, i.e. the Polish pre‐war south‐eastern voivodeships. A special criminal law was enacted and applied to Poles and Jews, allowing for the arbitrary administration of the death penalty regardless of the age of the „perpetrator”, and sanctioning the use of collective responsibility. After the end of the military conflict of the World War UU, the government of the Germ. Generalgouvernement was recognized as a criminal organization, and its leader, governor Hans Frank, guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity and executed. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.12.13])
Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])
Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28], www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28])
sources
personal:
www.nawolyniu.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13], wolyn.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13]
bibliographical:
„Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933‐1945”, The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, ed. Martin Dean, volume II: „Ghettos in German–Occupied Eastern Europe”, part A
„Genocidium Atrox”, GTKRK, https://www.swzygmunt.knc.pl/GENOCIDEs/15 GENOCIDUM ATROX/vPOLISH/MAINs/GENATROXsearch01.htm
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