• OUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA: st Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionOUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

  • St SIGISMUND: St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

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  • KORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus, source: gosc.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus
    source: gosc.pl
    own collection
  • KORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus, source: raciborz.com.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus
    source: raciborz.com.pl
    own collection
  • KORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus, source: muzeum.gliwice.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus
    source: muzeum.gliwice.pl
    own collection
  • KORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus - 1938, Sośnica-Gliwice, source: przystanekhistoria.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus
    1938, Sośnica-Gliwice
    source: przystanekhistoria.pl
    own collection
  • KORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus, source: warszawa.naszemiasto.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus
    source: warszawa.naszemiasto.pl
    own collection
  • KORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus - Francis Kucharczak, contemporary image; source: from: „Witnesses of truth of this land”, John Kochel, Opole, 2016 (docplayer.pl), own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOKORCZOK Anthony Nicodemus
    Francis Kucharczak, contemporary image
    source: from: „Witnesses of truth of this land”, John Kochel, Opole, 2016 (docplayer.pl)
    own collection

surname

KORCZOK

forename(s)

Anthony Nicodemus (pl. Antoni Nikodem)

function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Wrocław archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

Wrocław diocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

academic distinctions

Doctor of Theology

date and place
of death

05.02.1941

KL Dachauconcentration camp
today: Dachau, Upper Bavaria reg., Bavaria state, Germany

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2016.05.30]

alt. dates and places
of death

06.02.1941

details of death

At the beginning of World War I drafted into German army.

In 1915‑1916 served as a nurse and then ministered as a chaplain in a military hospital in Raciborz.

During the plebiscite in Upper Silesia in 1921, which was to decide on the nationality of these lands, he acted for the Polish cause.

He was the target of harassment and attacks by German militias.

After German invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the World War II organised social support to the victims.

Wrote a letter to higher German Nazi official with words of sympathy after death of his son, with invitation to a Holy Mass and prayer to God for conversion.

Denounced and accused by German newspapers of anti–German propaganda.

Arrested on 24.08.1940.

Jailed in Gliwice and Wrocław prisons.

On 20.09.1940 transported to KL Dachau concentration camp.

Tortured.

During a court hearing in‑absentia found not guilty but murdered by German guards a day before release.

cause of death

murder

perpetrators

Germans

date and place
of birth

01.06.1891

Stara Wieśtoday: district of Racibórz, Racibórz urban gm., Racibórz pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

18.06.1914 (Wrocław cathedralmore on
pl.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.19]
)

positions held

1929 – 1940

parish priest — GliwiceSośnica district
today: Gliwice city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
⋄ Blessed Virgin Mary, Help of Christians RC parish ⋄ Gliwicetoday: Gliwice city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
RC deanery

1922 – 1929

vicar — ZabrzeZabrze–North and Zabrze–South districts
today: Zabrze city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
⋄ St Francis of Assisi RC parish ⋄ Zabrzetoday: Zabrze city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
RC deanery

1918 – 1922

vicar — Gliwicetoday: Gliwice city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
⋄ St Peter and St Paul the Apostles RC parish ⋄ Gliwicetoday: Gliwice city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
RC deanery

1919

PhD student — Wrocławtoday: Wrocław city pov., Lower Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
⋄ [University of Wrocław (since 1945) / Royal University i.e. Breslau Academy (1816‑1911) / Frederic Wilhelm University of Silesia (1911‑1945)] — PhD thesis Germ. „Die griechisch–katholische Kirche in Galizien” (Eng. „Greek Catholic Church in Galicia”)

1916 – 1918

vicar — Dąbtoday: district of Katowice, Katowice city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
⋄ St John and St Paul the Martyrs RC parish ⋄ Mysłowicetoday: Mysłowice city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
RC deanery

1915 – 1916

chaplain — Racibórztoday: Racibórz urban gm., Racibórz pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
⋄ military, hospital — also: paramedic

1910 – 1914

student — Wrocławtoday: Wrocław city pov., Lower Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.02]
⋄ philosophy and theology, Department of Theology, [University of Wrocław (since 1945) / Royal University i.e. Breslau Academy (1816‑1911) / Frederic Wilhelm University of Silesia (1911‑1945)]

activist — social

Church historian

others related
in death

BARABASZClick to display biography John Nepomucene, CZEMPIELClick to display biography Joseph Matthew, DŁUGOSZClick to display biography Francis, DUDAClick to display biography Erwin, GALOCZClick to display biography Clement, HUWERClick to display biography Joseph, KAŁUŻAClick to display biography Charles, KLIMEKClick to display biography Peter, KOSYRCZYKClick to display biography Louis, KRZYSTOLIKClick to display biography Stanislav, KRZYŻANOWSKIClick to display biography Sigismund, KULAClick to display biography Joseph, MACHERSKIClick to display biography Francis, PAŹDZIORAClick to display biography Augustine, POJDAClick to display biography Adolph, POJDAClick to display biography John, RDUCHClick to display biography Edward, RYGIELSKIClick to display biography Stanislav (Fr Casimir Mary), SIWEKClick to display biography Victor, SZNUROWACKIClick to display biography John, SZRAMEKClick to display biography Emil, ŚCIGAŁAClick to display biography Francis Xavier, WOJCIECHClick to display biography Conrad, WRZOŁClick to display biography Louis, ZIELIŃSKIClick to display biography Felix, ŻMIJClick to display biography Charles

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

KL Dachau (prisoner no: 19953Click to display biography): KL Dachau in German Bavaria, set up in 1933, became the main concentration camp for Catholic priests and religious during World War II: On c. 09.11.1940, Reichsführer–SS Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, Gestapo and German police, as a result of the Vatican's intervention, decided to transfer all clergymen detained in various concentration camps to KL Dachau camp. The first major transports took place on 08.12.1940. In KL Dachau Germans held approx. 3,000 priests, including 1,800 Poles. The priests were forced to slave labor in the Germ. „Die Plantage” — the largest herb garden in Europe, managed by the genocidal SS, consisting of many greenhouses, laboratory buildings and arable land, where experiments with new natural medicines were conducted — for many hours, without breaks, without protective clothing, no food. They slaved in construction, e.g. of camp's crematorium. In the barracks ruled hunger, freezing cold in the winter and suffocating heat during the summer. Prisoners suffered from bouts of illnesses, including tuberculosis. Many were victims of murderous „medical experiments” — in 11.1942 c. 20 were given phlegmon injections; in 07.1942 to 05.1944 c. 120 were used by for malaria experiments. More than 750 Polish clerics where murdered by the Germans, some brought to Schloss Hartheim euthanasia centre and murdered in gas chambers. At its peak KL Dachau concentration camps’ system had nearly 100 slave labour sub–camps located throughout southern Germany and Austria. There were c. 32,000 documented deaths at the camp, and thousands perished without a trace. C. 10,000 of the 30,000 inmates were found sick at the time of liberation, on 29.04.1945, by the USA troops… (more on: www.kz-gedenkstaette-dachau.deClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.10]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.05.30]
)

Gliwice: Founded in 1868 by the Germans. Extended in 1902 in the shape of the letter 'T'. In 1927, the only investigative prison in Upper Silesia in which prisoners were held for up to 1 year. During World War II, Polish families with children, where held there, among others,. After the German defeat and the start of the Russian occupation, the prison of the Commie–Nazi UB, a unit of the Russian genocidal MGB. Up to 1,000 prisoners were held there, including soldiers of the Home Army (part of the Polish Underground State). (more on: www.sw.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.10]
)

«Intelligenzaktion Schlesien»: A planned action of arrests and extermination of Polish Upper Silesia intellectual elite in general recorded in a proscription list called „Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen” — participants of Upper Silesia uprisings, former Polish plebiscite activists, journalists, politicians, intellectuals, civil servants, priests — organised by Germans mainly in 04‑05.1940, aiming at total Germanisation of the region. The relevant decree, no IV–D2–480/40, was issued by the RSHA, i.e. Germ. Reichssicherheitshauptamt (Eng. Reich Security Office), and signed by Heinrich Himmler or Reinhard Heydrich. Some of those arrested were murdered in mass executions, some were deported to the German–run General Governorate, and some were sent to concentration camps. The personal details of 3,047 people deported within two months of 1940 were established. Among the victims were 33 Catholic priests, 22 of whom perished in concentration camps (the clergy were sent — in 5 transports — first to KL Dachau, and then to KL Gusen, where they slaved in quarries). Altogether, the Germans murdered c. 2,000 members of the Polish Upper Silesia intellectual elite. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.05.30]
)

«Intelligenzaktion»: (Eng. „Action Intelligentsia”) — extermination program of Polish elites, mainly intelligentsia, executed by the Germans right from the start of the occupation in 09.1939 till around 05.1940, mainly on the lands directly incorporated into Germany but also in the so‑called General Governorate where it was called «AB‑aktion». During the first phase right after start of German occupation of Poland implemented as Germ. Unternehmen „Tannenberg” (Eng. „Tannenberg operation”) — plan based on proscription lists of Poles worked out by (Germ. Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen), regarded by Germans as specially dangerous to the German Reich. List contained names of c. 61,000 Poles. Altogether during this genocide Germans methodically murdered c. 50,000 teachers, priests, landowners, social and political activists and retired military. Further 50,000 were sent to concentration camps where most of them perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04]
)

Ribbentrop-Molotov: Genocidal Russian–German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so–called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti–Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislaus Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German–Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian–German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic–pre–Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
, www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
)

Silesian Uprisings: Three armed interventions of the Polish population against Germany in 1919‑1921 aiming at incorporation of Upper Silesia and Opole region into Poland, after the revival of the Polish state in 1918. Took place in the context of a plebiscite ordered on the basis of the international treaty of Versailles of 28.06.1919, ending the First World War, that was to decide national fate of the disputed lands. The 1st Uprising took place on 16‑24.08.1919 and broke out spontaneously in response to German terror and repression against the Polish population. Covered mainly Pszczyna and Rybnik counties and part of the main Upper Silesia industrial district. Suppressed by the Germans. 2nd Uprising took place on 19‑25.08.1920 in response to numerous acts of terror of the German side. Covered the entire area of the Upper Silesia industrial district and part of the Rybnik county. As a result Poles obtained better conditions for the campaign prior the plebiscite. The poll was conducted on 20.03.1921. The majority of the population — 59.6% — were in favor of Germany, but the results were influenced by the admission of voting from former inhabitants of Upper Silesia living outside Silesia. As a result the 3rd Uprising broke out, the largest such uprising of the Silesian in the 20th century. It lasted from 02.05.1921 to 05.07.1921. Spread over almost the entire area of Upper Silesia. Two large battles took place in the area of St. Anna Mountain and near Olza. As a result on 12.10.1921 the international plebiscite commission decided on a more favorable for Poland division of Upper Silesia. The territory granted to Poland was enlarged to about ⅓ of the disputed territory. Poland accounted for 50% of metallurgy and 76% of coal mines. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.05.25]
)

sources

personal:
pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23]
, stigg.blog.deon.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.04.23]

bibliographical:
Opole Silesia clergy's martyrology during II World War”, Fr Andrew Hanich, Opole 2009
Opole Silesia clergy's martyrology during Silesian Uprisings and the II World War”, Fr Andrew Hanich, Opole 2019
original images:
gosc.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.05.19]
, raciborz.com.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2022.05.23]
, muzeum.gliwice.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2022.05.23]
, przystanekhistoria.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.06.05]
, warszawa.naszemiasto.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.04.23]
, docplayer.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.02.15]

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