Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland
XX century (1914 – 1989)
personal data
surname
KWIATKOWSKI
forename(s)
Stanislav Ignatius (pl. Stanisław Ignacy)
function
diocesan priest
creed
Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]
diocese / province
Lviv archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]
honorary titles
Expositorii Canonicalis canonmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.11.14]
(c. 1932)
date and place
of death
13.02.1944
Ladantsytoday: Peremyshliany urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02]
alt. dates and places
of death
14.02.1944, 28.02.1944
details of death
In 1914, as a result of the Russian offensive at the beginning of World War I, Lviv and most of Eastern Galicia, i.e. part of the Germ. Königreich Galizien und Lodomerien (Engl.
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria) Crown Land and province, belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Monarchy, came under Russian occupation. When the Russians were defeated in the Battle of Gorlice in 05.1915, they began to withdraw to the east. Arrested by the Russians in Zlochiv and taken to Kiev. Held in a villa, converted into a jail, called in Rus. „Польский арестный домъ” (Eng. „Polish house arrest”). After several weeks/months released, but with no possibility of return.
To his diocese returned after the separatist Treaty of Brest–Litovsk of 03.03.1918, signed by the Central Powers (i.e., the German Empire and the Austro–Hungarian Empire) with Bolshevik Russia, de facto ending the military operations of World War I on the Eastern Front and establishing a Ukrainian state with its capital in Kiev, controlled by Germany.
In independent Poland, ministered in a parish centered in a town of Svirzh, with c. 2,500—3,000 inhabitants, c. 90% of whom were Poles. The daughter of the owners of the castle in Svirzh was married to Thaddeus Komorowski, who later, from 1943, was Commander‐in‐Chief of the clandestine resistance Home Army AK (part of the Polish Clandestine State), nom de guerre „Bór”.
After the German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and the start of World War II, after the beginning of the Russian occupation, some of the inhabitants were deported by the Russians in one of four great deportations deep into Russia, „to Siberia”.
After the German attack on 22.06.1941 on their erstwhile ally, the Russians, and the beginning of the German occupation, all Jews, i.e. a dozen or so/several dozen families, were expelled to a ghetto in Peremyshliany, c. 10 km away. In 1943, as part of the German genocidal plan Germ. «Endlösung der Judenfrage» (Eng Final Solution of the Jewish Question), which in Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate) — his parish became part of this occupational, German‐run entity in 1941 — was carried out under the codename Germ. «Aktion Reinhardt» (Eng. Operation Reinhardt), this ghetto was liquidated, with Jews being deported to the VL Belzec extermination camp or murdered in the Peremyshliany area. A few people survived, hidden by Polish or Ukrainian families.
The last months of this ghetto's operation coincided coincided with a change in the strategy of the genocidal Ukrainian OUN/UPA. In 02.1943 Roman Shukhevych, nom de guerre „Taras Chuprynka”, the main commander of the UPA, issued an order: „The extermination operation should be carried out according to the following principles: Polish villages are to be burned, and their populations massacred. Attacks on towns will take place in broad daylight, not at night. In mixed villages, the Polish population alone should be liquidated, and farmsteads should be burned only if they are 15 meters away and when there is no risk of the fire spreading to neighboring Ukrainian buildings. The Ukrainian population will receive instructions as to where to gather during the attack […] For every Ukrainian murdered, whether by Poles or Germans, 100 (one hundred) Poles will be executed”.
It was the de facto signal for the commencement of the «Genocidium Atrox» — i.e. the genocide perpetrated by Ukrainians, known as „Volyn genocide”.
Immediately thereafter, in 03.1943, the UPA issued an appeal to members of the collaborative Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei (Eng. Ukrainian Auxiliary Police), which had participated in the Germ. «Endlösung der Judenfrage», to desert and join the UPA. Perhaps as many as 10,000 Ukrainians did so. Among them prob. were members of the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei from the Peremyshliany area‐after completing their final task for the Germans, the liquidation of the Peremyshliany ghetto.
In the Polish Ternopil voivodeship, where his parish was located, the plan was implemented by the commander of the OUN/UPA „UPA‐West” operational group, established in 12.1943, Vasyl Sydor, nom de guerre „Shelest”, who ordered „to strike continuously at Poles until they are completely destroyed from these lands”.
Collaborated with a Home Army AK unit operating clandestinely in the large, Polish‐majority village of Chlebowice Świrskie, c. 3 kilometers to the south of Svirzh. Mobilized the Polish community to defend itself against UPA attacks, which were becoming increasingly frequent in the area.
And it was then, on the night of 10‐11.02.1944, that one of the OUN/UPA genocidal bands belonging to Military District WO‐3 „Lysonya” of the „UPA‐West”group — or perhaps some group of the Ukrainian Ukr. Служба безпеки ОУН (Eng. Security Service of the OUN), the genocidal „political police” of the OUN‐B, responsible for the deaths of many people of various nationalities, mainly Poles — numbering c. 20 people, attacked the rectory of the priest who administered the church in nearby Wołków, Fr. Joseph Kaczorowski. The priest, after terrible torture, was murdered. His mother and the housekeeper at the rectory were also murdered.
Buried on 13‐14.02.1944, in Peremyshliany. Attended his funeral.
When returning to Svirzh kidnapped by an OUN/UPA gang, dressed in German uniforms.
A witness to the events described them as follows: „Around 4 p.m. everyone is getting ready to return. Several horse‐drawn carriages had set off earlier […] Halfway there, [at the height of a hill called White Shore], the driver [of Fr Kwiatkowski's cart] notices that several other horse‐drawn carriages are standing on the road, does not change his route and joins them. It turns out that the carriages are stopped by Ukrainians in German uniforms and it is an ambush. Paul Komar [Ukrainian, AK partisan, nom de guerre «Anne»] wants to reach for his weapon, but Fr Kwiatkowski stops him and obeys the Banderites" commands. At the same time, another horse‐drawn carriage arrives, owned by a Ukrainian, Kryl Kisil, who recognizes the Banderites and stands up for the priest. However, the Banderites do not give in and take the priest, Paaul Komar, and Kiryl Kisil to the forest. They order the rest to leave […] After a while, shots are heard. Paul Komar and Kiryl Kisil are shot, while Father Kwiatkowski is kidnapped”.
According to some sources, stripped to his underwear and driven in the middle of a snowy, frosty winter to the village of Ladantsy — over 90% Ukrainian, c. 7 km south of Peremyshliany and c. 8 km from the kidnapping site. There, held for two weeks — according to other sources, murdered the day of kidnapping.
Tortured.
According to sources, supposedly based on eyewitness accounts, was beaten until unconscious, his feet were crushed, a cross was carved into his back, and finally, was skinned, sprinkled with salt, and sawn to pieces.
Sources differ regarding the fate of the body: some say it was never found. Others say it was „nailed to a tree”, and one witness described it as follows: „The next day there is great commotion. The AK searches for the body in the forest and finds it tied to a tree”.
A witness to the events concluded his account as follows: „Some of the Ukrainians living there are pleased with their actions and mock the Poles, saying: «It will be the same with all Poles. They will cut you all up like a priest. Your priest was fat, so they cut strips on his back, sprinkled them with salt, and then glued them back on to make him suffer». [This is] a quote from the mother of two young Bandera supporters, after the murder of Father Kwiatkowski”.
The murder was prob. committed by the same Ukrainian gang that murdered Fr Kaczorowski. Some of the perpetrators were said to have come from Chlebowiska Świrskie.
On 12.10.2007, the génocidaire Roman Shukhevych was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Ukraine. On 10.12.2017, on behalf of the „Coordination Council for the Commemoration of Decorated Knights of the OUN and UPA”, génocidaire Vasyl Sydor was posthumously awarded in Lviv the Silver Cross of Military Merit of the UPA, 1st Class (No. 009). In several locations, monuments and commemorative plaques have been erected to these Lat. „hostis humani generis”, the schools were named after them.
Lat. „O Tempora! O mores!”
cause of death
mass murder
perpetrators
Ukrainians
sites and events
«Genocidium Atrox»Click to display the description, GeneralgouvernementClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description
date and place
of birth
27.11.1880
presbyter (holy orders)
ordination
10.07.1910
Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16]
positions held
1924 – 1944
parish priest — Svirzhtoday: Bibrka urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.10.15] ⋄ Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish ⋄ Svirzhtoday: Bibrka urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.10.15] RC deanery
c. 1923 – 1924
administrator — Svirzhtoday: Bibrka urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.10.15] ⋄ Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish ⋄ Svirzhtoday: Bibrka urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.10.15] RC deanery
1920 – c. 1923
administrator — Zaliztsitoday: Zaliztsi hrom., Ternopil rai., Ternopil obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.12.03] ⋄ Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish ⋄ Brodytoday: Brody urban hrom., Zolochiv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.20] RC deanery
1912 – 1915
vicar — Zolochivtoday: Zolochiv urban hrom., Zolochiv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.19] ⋄ Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish ⋄ Zolochivtoday: Zolochiv urban hrom., Zolochiv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.19] RC deanery
1910 – 1912
vicar — Buchachtoday: Buchach urban hrom., Chortkiv rai., Ternopil obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.15] ⋄ Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish ⋄ Buchachtoday: Buchach urban hrom., Chortkiv rai., Ternopil obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.15] RC deanery
1906 – 1910
student — Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16] ⋄ philosophy and theology, Metropolitan Theological Seminary
others related
in death
KACZOROWSKIClick to display biography Joseph, CHAMCZUKClick to display biography Gregory, CZUBATYClick to display biography Theodore, KWITClick to display biography Basil Steven, SOPUCHClick to display biography Stanislav, SZCZEPANIUKClick to display biography Nicholas
sites and events
descriptions
«Genocidium Atrox»: In 1939‐1947, especially in 1943‐1944, independent Ukrainian units, mainly belonging to genocidal Ukrainian organizations OUN (political arm) and UPA (military arm), supported by local Ukrainian population, murdered — often in extremely brutal way — in Volyn and surrounding regions of pre‐war Poland, from 130,000 to 180,000 Poles, all civilians: men, women, children, old and young. Polish‐Ukrainian conflict that openly emerged during and after World War I (in particular resulting in Polish‐Ukrainian war of 1918‐1919), that survived and even deepened later when western Ukraine became a part Poland, exploded again after the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. During Russian occupation of 1939‐1941, when hundreds of thousands of Poles were deported into central Russia, when tens of thousands were murdered (during so‐called Katyń massacres, among others), this open conflict had a limited character, helped by the fact that at that time Ukrainians, Ukrainian nationalists in particular, were also persecuted by the Russians. The worst came after German‐Russian war started on 22.06.1941 and German occupation resulted. Initially Ukrainians supported Germans (Ukrainian police was initiated, Ukrainians co—participated in extermination of the Jews and were joining army units fighting alongside Germans). Later when German ambivalent position towards Ukraine became apparent Ukrainians started acting independently. And in 1943 one of the units of aforementioned Ukrainian OUN/UPA organization, in Volyn, started and perpetrated a genocide of Polish population of this region. In mere few weeks OUN/UPA murdered, with Germans passively watching on the sidelines, more than 40,000 Poles. This strategy was consequently approved and adopted by all OUN/UPA organisations and similar genocides took place in Eastern Lesser Poland (part of Ukraine) where more than 20,000 Poles were slaughtered, meeting however with growing resistance from Polish population. Further west, in Chełm, Rzeszów, etc. regions this genocide turned into an extremely bloody conflict. In general genocide, perpetrated by Ukrainian nationalists, partly collaborating with German occupants, on vulnerable Polish population took part in hundreds of villages and small towns, where virtually all Polish inhabitants were wiped out. More than 200 priests, religious and nuns perished in this holocaust — known as «Genocidium Atrox» (Eng. „savage genocide”) The nature and purpose of genocide is perhaps best reflected in the song sung by the murderers: „We will slaughter the Poles, we will cut down the Jews, we must conquer the great Ukraine” (ukr. „Поляків виріжем, Євреїв видусим, велику Україну здобути мусим”). This holocaust and conflict ended up in total elimination of Polish population and Polish culture from Ukraine, in enforced deportations in 1944‐1945 of remaining Poles from Ukraine and some Ukrainians into Ukraine proper, and finally in deportation of Ukrainians from East‐South to the Western parts of Polish republic prl by Commie‐Nazi Russian controlled Polish security forces („Vistula Action”). (more on: www.swzygmunt.knc.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.06.20])
Generalgouvernement: After the Polish defeat in the 09.1939 campaign, which was the result of the Ribbentrop‐Molotov Pact and constituted the first stage of World War II, and the beginning of German occupation in part of Poland (in the other, eastern part of Poland, the Russian occupation began), the Germans divided the occupied Polish territory into five main regions. In two of them new German provinces were created, two other were incorporated into other provinces. However, the fifth part was treated separately, and in a political sense it was supposed to recreate the German idea from 1915 (during World War I, after the defeat of the Russians in the Battle of Gorlice in 05.1915) of creating a Polish enclave within Germany. Illegal in the sense of international law, i.e. Hague Convention, and public law, managed by the Germans according to separate laws — especially established for the Polish Germ. Untermenschen (Eng. subhumans) — till the Russian offensive in 1945 it constituted part of the Germ. Großdeutschland (Eng. Greater Germany). Till 31.07.1940 formally called Germ. Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete (Eng. General Government for the occupied Polish lands) — later simply Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), as in the years 1915‐1918. From 07.1941, i.e. after the German attack on 22.06.1941 against the erstwhile ally, the Russians, it also included the Galicia district, i.e. the Polish pre‐war south‐eastern voivodeships. A special criminal law was enacted and applied to Poles and Jews, allowing for the arbitrary administration of the death penalty regardless of the age of the „perpetrator”, and sanctioning the use of collective responsibility. After the end of the military conflict of the World War UU, the government of the Germ. Generalgouvernement was recognized as a criminal organization, and its leader, governor Hans Frank, guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity and executed. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.12.13])
Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])
Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28], www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28])
sources
personal:
www.naszdziennik.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2017.03.11], cracovia-leopolis.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.06], www.nawolyniu.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2017.03.11]
bibliographical:
„Register of Latin rite Lviv metropolis clergy’s losses in 1939‐45”, Józef Krętosz, Maria Pawłowiczowa, editors, Opole, 2005
„Biographical lexicon of Lviv Roman Catholic Metropoly clergy victims of the II World War 1939‐1945”, Mary Pawłowiczowa (ed.), Fr Joseph Krętosz (ed.), Holy Cross Publishing, Opole, 2007
„Schematismus Universi Saecularis et Regularis Cleri Archi Diaeceseos Metropol. Leopol. Rit. Lat.”, Lviv Metropolitan Curia, from 1860 till 1938
„Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933‐1945”, The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, ed. Martin Dean, volume II: „Ghettos in German–Occupied Eastern Europe”, part A
„Genocidium Atrox”, GTKRK, https://www.swzygmunt.knc.pl/GENOCIDEs/15 GENOCIDUM ATROX/vPOLISH/MAINs/GENATROXsearch01.htm
original images:
www.nawolyniu.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2017.03.11], www.kchodorowski.republika.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.05.19], www.kchodorowski.republika.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.05.19], wegliniec.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.31]
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