Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland
XX century (1914 – 1989)
personal data
surname
ZWARYCZ
forename(s)
John (pl. Jan)
forename(s)
versions/aliases
Ivan (pl. Iwan)

function
presbiter (i.e. iereus)
creed
Eastern Orthodox Church ORmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]
diocese / province
„liberated lands of Ukraine” OR eparchy (Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church UAOC 1941‐1944)
Volyn‐Lutsk OR eparchy (Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate)more on
ru.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.07.16]
Volyn OR eparchy (Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church PAOC)more on
pl.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.19]
date and place
of death
01.07.1943

Okhlopivtoday: Kvasiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15]
alt. dates and places
of death
10.04.1943
details of death
From c. 1938 was the parish priest of the Orthodox parish of Okhlopiv — belonging to the Volyn Eparchy of the Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church PAOC — in the Polish Horokhiv county, Volyn Voivodeship. The village of Okhlopiv, its center, located c. 10 km southwest of the town of Horokhiv, was inhabited in 1939 by an estimated c. 1,400 people, 90% Orthodox Ukrainians, c. 15 Polish households, i.e. c. 100 Poles and c. 10 Jews. In pre‐war Poland, Volyn had prob. the smallest percentage of the Polish population in the entire country. It was also prob. the least economically developed voivodeship of Poland, which was caused in the 19th century by the deliberate policy of the Russians, then ruling over this part of partitioned Poland — the direct route to the heart of Russia, Moscow, runs through Volyn, so fearing an attack from the west, no roads were laid there, no bridges built, no marshy areas around the Pripyat drained, no industry located, and no schools established.
After the German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and the start of World War II, pursuant to the genocidal German–Russian agreement of 23.08.1939, known as the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, confirmed on 28.09.1939 by the so‐called „Germany–Russia Border and Friendship Treaty”, also known as the Second Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Volyn was occupied by the Russians. The Russians subjected Poles in particular to repression, sending many in four large deportations deep into Russia, „to Siberia”. They also applied repressions against the clergy, including the Orthodox, particularly of an economic nature, imposing astronomical taxes and removing religion from schools. All Orthodox priests — formerly belonging to PAOC — were forcibly incorporated into the Russian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate.
After the German attack on 22.06.1941 on its erstwhile ally, the Russians, and the beginning of the German occupation, his parish became part of the Germ. Kreisgebiete Gorochow (Eng. Horokhiv County) in the Germ. Generalbezirk Wolhynien–Podolien (Eng. General District of Volyn–Podolya), which was part of the German‐occupied and run quasi‐state called the Germ. Reichskommissariat Ukraine (Eng. Reich Commissariate Ukraine).
A division occurred in the Ukrainian Orthodox Church at that time. On 28.08.1941, in Pochayiv Lavra, the synod of Ukrainian Orthodox bishops proclaimed the establishment of the Autonomous Ukrainian Orthodox Church AUOC. The AUOC was to strive for autocephaly, i.e. independence, but recognizing the supremacy of the Moscow Patriarchate. In response, another group of Orthodox bishops announced on 08‐10.02.1942, the establishment of the Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church UAOC, under the auspices of the Polish Autocephalous Orthodox Church PAOC, which in turn, as early as 1940, had made an act of loyalty to the German genocide killer Hans Frank, Germ. Generalgouverneur (Eng. Governor General) of the German‐occupied and run quasi‐state called the Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), i.e. GG. In the Germ. Reichskommissariat Ukraine, the bishops of the UAOC recognized themselves as successors to the PAOC, whose autocephaly had been granted by the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. Based on the fragmentary information about his fate in the last years of his life, it seems highly probable that joined the AUCP.
While the Orthodox Church was debating and arguing about its internal structure in the new occupational situation, the Germans were beginning to implement the genocidal plan Germ. «Endlösung der Judenfrage» (Eng. Final Solution of the Jewish Question), i.e. the extermination of all Jews in the occupied territories. The local center for the implementation of this plan was the county town of Horokhiv, which in 1939 had an estimated population of c. 6,200 people, of whom Roman Catholic Poles constituted c. 17%, Orthodox Ukrainians c. 36%, and Jews c. 47%, i.e. 2,900 people. When the Germans entered Horokhiv on c. 24.06.1941, „the non‐Jewish locals rejoiced and greeted [the new occupier] with flowers”, reports the Jewish „Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos”. The next day, 25.06.1941, the Germans ordered the inhabitants to appear in the town square and then threw incendiary grenades into the houses. Prob. half of the houses in the town burned down, mainly non‐Jewish ones. At the end of 06.1941, the Germans arrested and shot 7 people, prob. Jews, accused of collaborating with the Russians. Then they established the Ukrainian police, later transformed into the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei (Eng. Ukrainian Auxiliary Police), which, according to the same Jewish source, „was merciless towards the Jews. They tortured any Jews they caught and robbed Jewish houses”. Such a pogrom, during which two Jews were killed, took place in 07.1941. The synagogue was burned down. On 12.08.1941, a unit of the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei from Lutsk arrived in Horokhiv, under the command of the Germ. Geheime Staatspolizei (Eng. Secret State Police), i.e. Gestapo. The Ukrainians rounded up 300 Jews, „local notables”, forced them to dig a ditch in a nearby forest, then murdered them all and buried them in the ditch. Another 70‐80 people were murdered on 23.08.1941. At the beginning of 11.1941, the Germans established a ghetto, surrounded by a wooden fence topped with barbed wire. Everyone was forced to perform slave labor. The Germ. Judenrat (Eng. Jewish Council), assisted by the Germ. Jüdischer Ordnungsdienst (Eng. Jewish Order Service), was responsible for the implementation of German orders by the Jewish community. The two gates/entrances to the ghetto were guarded by the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei. c. 200 Jews tried to escape, but most were caught by the Ukrainians and murdered. The final Germ. Aktion (Eng. Operation) took place on 08/14.09.1942. c. 2,500 Jews — according to other sources, even c. 5,000, including Jews from neighboring villages, prob. also from his village Okhlopiv — were murdered over ditches dug along the road leading south, to Druzhkopol and Okhlopiv. The Germans could proudly report that the Germ. Kreisgebiet Gorochow was Germ. „Judenrein” (Eng. „free of Jews”).
Right after that, in 02.1943, in Volyn, Roman Shukhevych, nom de guerre „Taras Chuprynka”, the chief commander of the Ukrainian, genocidal OUN/UPA organisation, who in 1941 was a member of the Ukrainian Germ. Sondergruppe Nachtigall (Eng. Special Group Nightingale) — a unit of the Germ. Wehrmacht (Eng. Armed Forces) that took part in the German attack on Russians in 1941, accused of participating in the Jewish pogrom in Lviv in 1941 — and later a member of the Germ. Schutzmannschaftsbataillon 201 (Eng. 201st Protection team Battalion) — responsible for the murder of Jews and civilians in the territory of Belarus — issued an order: „The extermination operation should be carried out according to the following principles: Polish villages are to be burned, and their populations massacred. Attacks on towns will take place in broad daylight, not at night. In mixed villages, the Polish population alone should be liquidated, and farmsteads should be burned only if they are 15 meters away and when there is no risk of the fire spreading to neighboring Ukrainian buildings. The Ukrainian population will receive instructions as to where to gather during the attack […] For every Ukrainian murdered, whether by Poles or Germans, 100 (one hundred) Poles will be executed”.
It was the de facto signal for the commencement of the «Genocidium Atrox» — i.e. the genocide perpetrated by Ukrainians, known as „Volyn genocide”.
Immediately thereafter, in 03.1943, the UPA issued an appeal to members of the Germ. Ukrainische Hilfspolizei to desert and join the UPA ranks. Perhaps as many as 10,000 Ukrainians did so.
The tactics of the genocidal Ukrainians were detailed in an order issued by the UPA commander in Volyn — from 11.1943 commander of the Operational Group „UPA‐North” — Dmytro Klachkivsky, nom de guerre „Klym Savur”, from 06.1943. Anticipating Germany's defeat in the war with Russia, explained and ordered: „We should carry out a major operation to eliminate the Polish element. When the German troops withdraw, we should use this opportune moment to eliminate the entire male population aged 16 to 60 […] We cannot lose this fight, and we must weaken Polish forces at all costs. Forest villages and villages located near forest massifs should disappear from the face of the earth”.
Volyn was drenched in Polish blood. Tens of thousands of Poles were murdered by the Ukrainians — with German passivity — in an extremely barbaric manner. Hundreds of villages were burned.
And then, at the beginning of «Genocidium Atrox», perished.
The Polish Institute of National Remembrance IPN states that „murdered on July 1, 1943 by an OUN gang”.
Other sources state that a „UPA militia unit” operated in Okhlopiv at that time. Horokhiv and the surrounding area became the site of many genocidal attacks of the OUN/UPA on Polish villages and settlements at that time. Thus, in the village of Pechykhvosty, located c. 4‐5 km north of Okhlopiv, in 05‐07.1943, about a dozen to a hundred Poles were murdered — „some of the Poles died on the spot, others were taken to the nearby forests”. On 04.07.1943, in the village of Bodyachiv, c. 5 km north‐west, over 20 people (4 families) were murdered, including „16‐year‐old Danuta Zielińska […] five thugs, having previously murdered her grandparents in the basement, brutally disfigured the innocent girl, then in a blood‐curdling way, cutting off her breasts, hands, ears and nose, they murdered her”. The greatest intensity of murders took place around 11.07.1941, called „Bloody Sunday”, when the genocidal OUN/UPA carried out attacks on c. 99 localities, especially in the neighboring Germ. Kreisgebiete Gorochow and Germ. Kreisgebiete Wladimir Wolinsk (pl. Volodymyr‐Volynskyi county). In those days, a whole series of murderous attacks took place in the vicinity of Okhlopiv. For example, in Kozyatyn, c. 12 km to the north, on 11.07.1943, 19 people were murdered. In the nearest Zagaje, only c. 3 km to the north‐west, the genocidal OUN/UPA, on 11‐12.07.1943, destroyed the entire village. Poles were murdered in their houses, in the fields, during escape attempts, by firearms and farm tools. „The cruelty of the attackers is evidenced by the fact that one of the villagers, who was grazing horses, had his tongue cut out and his eyes gouged out after being caught, and then was mockingly asked if he knew who had done it. The Ukrainian criminals left him in a pool of blood to die in agony and drove away”. In total, c. 260 people were murdered in Zagaje. In the village and colony of Polyukhne, c. 4–5 km to the north‐east, on 12.07.1943, a total of 89 Poles were murdered. And in Lemechiv near the above‐mentioned Kozyatyn, in 08.1943, during attacks on individual Polish farms and at refugees from attacked Polish villages, at least two families, i.e. 11 people, were murdered. In the entire 07.1943, 10,000‐20,000 Poles were murdered by Ukrainians.
The reason for his murder is unknown. There is no surviving information about the murders of Poles in Okhlopiv itself, but the aforementioned Zagaje, Polyukhne, Pechykhvosty, and Bodyachiv were located within his parish. Was murdered c. 10 days before „Bloody Sunday”, when preparations for genocidal attacks must have already been underway. Did he oppose the plans of the OUN/UPA militia? Or was the murder perhaps related to the division in the Orthodox Church? It is unknown.
It is known, however, that on 12.10.2007, the génocidaire Roman Shukhevych was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of Ukraine. In 12.2020, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, in a resolution, recognized génocidaire Dmitry Klachkivsky as „the leader of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in Volyn and a participant in the struggle for Ukraine's independence in the 20th century”. In several locations, monuments and commemorative plaques have been erected to these Lat. „hostis humani generis”, the schools were named after them.
Lat. „O Tempora! O mores!”
alt. details of death
According to another Ukrainian version, propagated since 1955 by Ukrainian refugees in Canada, most of them associated with the genocidal OUN/UPA, was murdered by „Germans”. Apparently, his parish Okhlopov became the site of German „punitive expeditions” several times. According to sources, the reason for these was the „legend” that the first units of the genocidal Ukrainian OUN/UPA organization were supposedly formed there, in the vicinity. One of such „punitive expeditions” took place in 1943, when the village was supposedly burned down.
cause of death
murder
perpetrators
Ukrainians
sites and events
«Genocidium Atrox»Click to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description
date and place
of birth
14.04.1891

Sulymivtoday: Kulykiv hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2026.07.13]
alt. dates and places
of birth
1895
(Zhovka county)part of Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria
today: Lviv rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
pl.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15]
parents
ZWARYCZ John
🞲 ?, ? — 🕆 ?, ?

🞲 ?, ? — 🕆 ?, ?
presbyter (holy orders)
ordination
1917

positions held
till 1943
parish priest — Okhlopivtoday: Kvasiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ St Nicholas the Wonderworker OR parish ⋄ Horokhivtoday: Horokhiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27] OR deanery
10.1937 – 01.01.1938
vicar — Krychylsktoday: Sarny urban hrom., Sarny rai., Rivne obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary OR parish
25.03.1937 – 01.08.1937
parish priest — Mokvyntoday: Berezhne urban hrom., Rivne rai., Rivne obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ St Michael OR parish — acting („ad interim”)
from 19.09.1936
administrator — Pidzamchetoday: Radyvyliv urban hrom., Dubno rai., Rivne obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ Our Lord's Resurrection OR parish ⋄ Dubno 4th distr.Orthodox deanery name
today: Dubno rai., Rivne obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27] OR deanery
from 09.08.1936
administrator — Pylhanytoday: Skryhove hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary OR parish
from 08.06.1936
parish priest — Okhlopivtoday: Kvasiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ St Nicholas the Wonderworker OR parish ⋄ Horokhivtoday: Horokhiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27] OR deanery
from 18.05.1936
administrator — Korytnytsyatoday: Lokachi hrom., Volodymyr rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ Holy Spirit OR parish ⋄ Horokhivtoday: Horokhiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27] OR deanery
parish priest — Okhlopivtoday: Kvasiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ St Nicholas the Wonderworker OR parish ⋄ Horokhivtoday: Horokhiv hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.27] OR deanery
from 11.08.1926
psalmist — Zholobkytoday: Shumsk urban hrom., Kremenets rai., Ternopil obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.07.16] ⋄ Holy Trinity OR parish — ministry preceded on 12.06.1926 by a 2–year degradation (prob. a temporary suspension)
priest — Horaimivkatoday: Horaimivka hrom., Lutsk rai., Volyn obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.15] ⋄ Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary OR parish
1917
presbiter (Eng. priest, i.e. iereus) — Russian Orthodox Church — priesthood cheirotonia, i.e. ordination
till 1917
student — Zhytomyrtoday: Zhytomyr urban hrom., Zhytomyr rai., Zhytomyr obl., Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.17] ⋄ philosophy and theology, Orthodox Theological Seminary
sites and events
descriptions
«Genocidium Atrox»: In 1939‐1947, especially in 1943‐1944, independent Ukrainian units, mainly belonging to genocidal Ukrainian organizations OUN (political arm) and UPA (military arm), supported by local Ukrainian population, murdered — often in extremely brutal way — in Volyn and surrounding regions of pre‐war Poland, from 130,000 to 180,000 Poles, all civilians: men, women, children, old and young. Polish‐Ukrainian conflict that openly emerged during and after World War I (in particular resulting in Polish‐Ukrainian war of 1918‐1919), that survived and even deepened later when western Ukraine became a part Poland, exploded again after the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. During Russian occupation of 1939‐1941, when hundreds of thousands of Poles were deported into central Russia, when tens of thousands were murdered (during so‐called Katyń massacres, among others), this open conflict had a limited character, helped by the fact that at that time Ukrainians, Ukrainian nationalists in particular, were also persecuted by the Russians. The worst came after German‐Russian war started on 22.06.1941 and German occupation resulted. Initially Ukrainians supported Germans (Ukrainian police was initiated, Ukrainians co—participated in extermination of the Jews and were joining army units fighting alongside Germans). Later when German ambivalent position towards Ukraine became apparent Ukrainians started acting independently. And in 1943 one of the units of aforementioned Ukrainian OUN/UPA organization, in Volyn, started and perpetrated a genocide of Polish population of this region. In mere few weeks OUN/UPA murdered, with Germans passively watching on the sidelines, more than 40,000 Poles. This strategy was consequently approved and adopted by all OUN/UPA organisations and similar genocides took place in Eastern Lesser Poland (part of Ukraine) where more than 20,000 Poles were slaughtered, meeting however with growing resistance from Polish population. Further west, in Chełm, Rzeszów, etc. regions this genocide turned into an extremely bloody conflict. In general genocide, perpetrated by Ukrainian nationalists, partly collaborating with German occupants, on vulnerable Polish population took part in hundreds of villages and small towns, where virtually all Polish inhabitants were wiped out. More than 200 priests, religious and nuns perished in this holocaust — known as «Genocidium Atrox» (Eng. „savage genocide”) The nature and purpose of genocide is perhaps best reflected in the song sung by the murderers: „We will slaughter the Poles, we will cut down the Jews, we must conquer the great Ukraine” (ukr. „Поляків виріжем, Євреїв видусим, велику Україну здобути мусим”). This holocaust and conflict ended up in total elimination of Polish population and Polish culture from Ukraine, in enforced deportations in 1944‐1945 of remaining Poles from Ukraine and some Ukrainians into Ukraine proper, and finally in deportation of Ukrainians from East‐South to the Western parts of Polish republic prl by Commie‐Nazi Russian controlled Polish security forces („Vistula Action”). (more on: www.swzygmunt.knc.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.06.20])
Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])
sources
personal:
zbrodniawolynska.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2026.07.13], diasporiana.org.uaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.08.20]
bibliographical:
„Hierachy, clergy and employees of the Orthodox Church in the 19th‐21st centuries within the borders of the Second Polish Republic and post–war Poland”, Fr Gregory Sosna, M. Antonine Troc-Sosna, Warsaw–Bielsk Podlaski 2017
„Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933‐1945”, The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, ed. Martin Dean, volume II: „Ghettos in German–Occupied Eastern Europe”, part B
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