• OUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA: st Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionOUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

  • St SIGISMUND: St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

personal data

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surname

RYTEL

forename(s)

Vaclav (pl. Wacław)

forename(s)
versions/aliases

Venantius (pl. Wenancjusz)

religious forename(s)

Viator (pl. Wiator)

  • RYTEL Vaclav (Fr Viator) - Commemorative plaque, Transfiguration Capuchin brothers church, Warsaw, source: own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFORYTEL Vaclav (Fr Viator)
    Commemorative plaque, Transfiguration Capuchin brothers church, Warsaw
    source: own collection

function

religious cleric

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

congregation

Order of Capuchin Friars Minor OFMCapmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

(i.e. Capuchins)

diocese / province

Warsaw province OFMcapmore on
www.kapucyni.pl
[access: 2014.08.18]

Military Ordinariate of Polandmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.12.20]

date and place
of death

12.08.1942

TA HartheimSchloss Hartheim „euthanasia” center
today: Alkoven, Eferding dist., Salzburg state, Austria

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.07.18]

alt. dates and places
of death

21.08.1942 (KL Dachau „death certificate” date)

details of death

In 1901–1904 a student at the theological seminary in Sankt Petersburg, from which was expelled, supposedly for „t contacts with socialists” (but with a positive „morality certificate”).

In 02.1915, during World War I, when Poland was split into three different occupations (partitions of Poland), accused by the Russian of treason — for liasing in the name of local population with Germans during shortlived German occupation of Nowe Miasto in 1914 — and jailed in Mokotów prison in Warsaw.

From there transported to Sankt Petersburg and held in „Krest” prison.

In 11.1915 released and on 04.09.1916 acquitted in Vitebsk.

Unable to return to Poland — from 05.1915 and battle of Gorlice was under German occupation (c. 3 mln Russians — office officials, military, teachers, etc. — withdrew from Polish territories) — became in 1916 chaplain of the Russian POW camp and field hospital no 2 in Darnica n. Kiev.

In 1917 became chaplain of Russian Army Concentration Center in Kiev.

Among Polish refugees ministered also in Smolensk and Saratov.

Returned to Poland — already independent after over 100 years of captivity — in 12.1918, after the separatist peace of Brest in 03 1918 and the end of the war.

In 1920 took part in Polish–Russian war of 1919‑1921 — as the chaplain of Warsaw military hospitals and chairmane of „Support of a Soldier on the Front” society (e.g. organizer of collections, for which, among others, a sanitary train was purchased and equipped).

On 31.03.1923 heard confession and prepared for execution of Eligius Niewiadomski, murderer of the first Polish president, Gabriel Narutowicz.

From 01.01.1927 chaplain of the Polish Army reserve.

After German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the World War II, after start of German occupation, arrested by the Germans on 23.03.1940 in Chełm where was leading Lent retreat exercises.

Jailed in Zamek prison in Lublin.

On 20.06.1940 transported to KL Sachsenhausen concentration camp.

From there on 14.12.1940 transported to KL Dachau concentration camp.

Finally — totally exhausted — transported in a so‑called „invalid transport” to TA Hartheim Euthanasia Center where was murdered in a gas chamber.

cause of death

extermination: gassing in a gas chamber

perpetrators

Germans

date and place
of birth

21.07.1883

Mojivkatoday: Babchintsy hrom., Mohyliv–Podilskyi rai., Vinnytsia, Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.11.12]

alt. dates and places
of birth

21.06.1883, 32.08.1883

religious vows

15.12.1908 (temporary)
21.06.1912 (permanent)

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

21.07.1912

positions held

1927 – 1940

friar — Lublintoday: Lublin city pov., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.08.20]
⋄ St Peter and St Paul the Apostles monastery, Capuchins OFMCap — i.a. university chaplain

1922 – 1927

friar — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ Transfiguration of the Lord monastery (4 Kapucyńska Str. / 13 Miodowa Str.), Capuchins OFMCap — i.a. general inspector of the Third Order of St Francis editor of the „Seraphic Family” monthly

1923 – 1925

vice president — Warsaw Branch, Polish Red Cross PCK

1921 – 1922

guardian — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ Transfiguration of the Lord monastery (4 Kapucyńska Str. / 13 Miodowa Str.), Capuchins OFMCap — i.a. general inspector of the Third Order of St Francis editor of the „Seraphic Family” monthly

1918 – 1921

friar — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ Transfiguration of the Lord monastery (4 Kapucyńska Str. / 13 Miodowa Str.), Capuchins OFMCap — i.a. general inspector of the Third Order of St Francis editor of the „Seraphic Family” monthly

1912 – 1915

friar — Nowe Miasto nad Pilicątoday: Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą gm., Grójec pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]
⋄ St Casimir the Prince and Confessor monastery, Capuchins OFMCap — i.a. editor of the „Seraphic Family” monthly

c. 1911 – 1912

student — Włocławektoday: Włocławek city pov., Kuyavia–Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
⋄ philosophy and theology, Theological Seminary

c. 1908 – c. 1911

friar — Nowe Miasto nad Pilicątoday: Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą gm., Grójec pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]
⋄ St Casimir the Prince and Confessor monastery, Capuchins OFMCap

15.12.1908

novitiate — Nowe Miasto nad Pilicątoday: Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą gm., Grójec pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]
⋄ St Casimir the Prince and Confessor monastery, Capuchins OFMCap

15.12.1907

accession — Nowe Miasto nad Pilicątoday: Nowe Miasto nad Pilicą gm., Grójec pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]
⋄ St Casimir the Prince and Confessor monastery, Capuchins OFMCap

1901 – 1904

student — Sankt Petersburgtoday: Saint Petersburg city, Russia
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.07.31]
⋄ philosophy and theology, Metropolitan Theological Seminary

others related
in death

MILLERClick to display biography Eugene, NEBELSKIClick to display biography Adam, NOWAKClick to display biography Stanislav Zeno, OLKOWSKIClick to display biography Francis, PERCZAKClick to display biography Edmund, PIECHOWSKIClick to display biography Boleslav Bronislav, POTOCKIClick to display biography Mieczyslav, PRABUCKIClick to display biography Boleslav Rock, PYRKAClick to display biography Marian, PYTKOClick to display biography Henry, RADKOWSKIClick to display biography Ignatius, RADZKIClick to display biography Steven, ROMASClick to display biography Felix, RYSZTOGIClick to display biography Victor, RZADKOWSKIClick to display biography Mieczyslav, SAMOLEJClick to display biography John Adalbert, STACHOWIAKClick to display biography Casimir Alexander, STĘPNIAKClick to display biography Joseph (Fr Florian), STRASZEWSKIClick to display biography Joseph, SULIMA–PRZYBOROWSKIClick to display biography John, SZWABIŃSKIClick to display biography Michael, TARGOŃSKIClick to display biography Eugene Matthias, TOCHOWICZClick to display biography Ignatius Marian, TOŁKACZClick to display biography Vaclav, TOMIŃSKIClick to display biography Anthony, WIERZBICKIClick to display biography Cornelius, WOJTASIKClick to display biography Vladislav Stanislav, ZAREMBAClick to display biography Joseph Bronislav, ZUSKEClick to display biography Stanislav Witold

murder sites
camp 
(+ prisoner no)

TA Hartheim: In Germ. Tötungsanstalt TA Hartheim (Eng. Killing/Euthanasia Center), in Schloss Hartheim castle in Alkoven village in Upper Austria, belonging to KL Mauthausen–Gusen complex of concentration camps, as part of «Aktion T4», the victims — underdeveloped mentally — were murdered by Germans in gas chambers. In 04.1941 Germans expanded the program to include prisoners held in concentration camps. Most if not all religious from KL Dachau were taken to Hartheim in so called „transports of invalids” (denoted as „Aktion 14 f 13”) — prisoners sick and according to German standards „unable to work” — from KL Dachau concentration camp (initially under the guise of a transfer to a „better” camp).
Note: The dates of death of victims murdered in Schloss Hartheim indicated in the „White Book” are the dates of deportations from the last concentration camp the victims where held in. The real dates of death are unknown — apart from c. 49 priests whose names were included in the „transports of invalids”, but who did arrive at TA Hartheim. Prob. perished on the day of transport, somewhere between KL Dachau and Munich, and their bodies were thrown out of the transport and cremated in Munich. The investigation conducted by Polish Institute of National Remembrance IPN concluded, that the other victims were murdered immediately upon arrival in Schloss Hartheim, bodies cremated and the ashes spread over local fields and into Danube river. In order to hide details of the genocided Germans falsified both dates of death (for instance those entered into KL Dachau concentration camp books, presented in „White Book” as alternative dates of death) and their causes. (more on: ipn.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30]
)

«Aktion T4»: German euthanasia program, systematic murder of people mentally retarded, chronically, mentally and neurologically ill — „elimination of live not worth living” (Germ. „Vernichtung von lebensunwertem Leben”). At a peak, in 1940‑1941, c. 70,000 people were murdered, including patients of psychiatric hospitals in German occupied Poland. From 04.1941 also mentally ill and „disabled” (i.e. unable to work) prisoners held in German concentration camps were included in the program — denoted then as „Aktion 14 f 13”. C. 20,000 inmates were then murdered, including Polish Catholic priests held in KL Dachau concentration camp, who were murdered in Hartheim gas chambers. The other „regional extension” of «Aktion T4» was „Aktion Brandt” program during which Germans murdered chronically ill patients in order to make space for wounded soldiers. It is estimated that at least 30,000 were murdered in this program. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.31]
)

KL Dachau (prisoner no: 22690Click to display biography): KL Dachau in German Bavaria, set up in 1933, became the main concentration camp for Catholic priests and religious during World War II: On c. 09.11.1940, Reichsführer–SS Heinrich Himmler, head of the SS, Gestapo and German police, as a result of the Vatican's intervention, decided to transfer all clergymen detained in various concentration camps to KL Dachau camp. The first major transports took place on 08.12.1940. In KL Dachau Germans held approx. 3,000 priests, including 1,800 Poles. The priests were forced to slave labor in the Germ. „Die Plantage” — the largest herb garden in Europe, managed by the genocidal SS, consisting of many greenhouses, laboratory buildings and arable land, where experiments with new natural medicines were conducted — for many hours, without breaks, without protective clothing, no food. They slaved in construction, e.g. of camp's crematorium. In the barracks ruled hunger, freezing cold in the winter and suffocating heat during the summer. Prisoners suffered from bouts of illnesses, including tuberculosis. Many were victims of murderous „medical experiments” — in 11.1942 c. 20 were given phlegmon injections; in 07.1942 to 05.1944 c. 120 were used by for malaria experiments. More than 750 Polish clerics where murdered by the Germans, some brought to Schloss Hartheim euthanasia centre and murdered in gas chambers. At its peak KL Dachau concentration camps’ system had nearly 100 slave labour sub–camps located throughout southern Germany and Austria. There were c. 32,000 documented deaths at the camp, and thousands perished without a trace. C. 10,000 of the 30,000 inmates were found sick at the time of liberation, on 29.04.1945, by the USA troops… (more on: www.kz-gedenkstaette-dachau.deClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.10]
, en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.05.30]
)

KL Sachsenhausen: In KL Sachsenhausen concentration camp, set up in the former Olympic village in 07.1936, hundreds of Polish priests were held in 1940, before being transported to KL Dachau. Some of them perished in KL Sachsenhausen. Murderous medical experiments on prisoners were carried out in the camp. In 1942‑1944 c. 140 prisoners slaved at manufacturing false British pounds, passports, visas, stamps and other documents. Other prisoners also had to do slave work, for Heinkel aircraft manufacturer, AEG and Siemens among others. On average c. 50,000 prisoners were held at any time. Altogether more than 200,000 inmates were in jailed in KL Sachsenhausen and its branched, out of which tens of thousands perished. Prior to Russian arrival mass evacuation was ordered by the Germans and c. 80,000 prisoners were marched west in so‑called „death marches” to other camps, i.e. KL Mauthausen–Gusen and KL Bergen–Belsen. The camp got liberated on 22.04.1945. After end of armed hostilities Germans set up there secret camp for German prisoners and „suspicious” Russian soldiers. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.11.18]
)

Lublin (Castle): German penal and detention centre. Approx. 40,000 Poles were kept there prior to transport to German concentration camps. After German expulsion in 1944 Russian prison and next prison run by UB, Polish branch of Russian NKVD where thousands of members of clandestine resistance Home Army AK, part of Polish Clandestine State, and National Armed Forces NSZ where jailed, tortured and murdered (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

«Intelligenzaktion»: (Eng. „Action Intelligentsia”) — extermination program of Polish elites, mainly intelligentsia, executed by the Germans right from the start of the occupation in 09.1939 till around 05.1940, mainly on the lands directly incorporated into Germany but also in the so‑called General Governorate where it was called «AB‑aktion». During the first phase right after start of German occupation of Poland implemented as Germ. Unternehmen „Tannenberg” (Eng. „Tannenberg operation”) — plan based on proscription lists of Poles worked out by (Germ. Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen), regarded by Germans as specially dangerous to the German Reich. List contained names of c. 61,000 Poles. Altogether during this genocide Germans methodically murdered c. 50,000 teachers, priests, landowners, social and political activists and retired military. Further 50,000 were sent to concentration camps where most of them perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04]
)

Ribbentrop–Molotov: Genocidal Russian–German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so–called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro–Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti–Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislaus Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German–Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian–German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic–pre–Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
, www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
)

Polish–Russian war of 1919‑1921: War for independence of Poland and its borders. Poland regained independence in 1918 but had to fight for its borders with former imperial powers, in particular Russia. Russia planned to incite Bolshevik–like revolutions in the Western Europe and thus invaded Poland. Russian invaders were defeated in 08.1920 in a battle called Warsaw battle („Vistula river miracle”, one of the 10 most important battles in history, according to some historians). Thanks to this victory Poland recaptured part of the lands lost during partitions of Poland in XVIII century, and Europe was saved from the genocidal Communism. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20]
)

Warsaw (Mokotów): Prison and detention centre in Warsaw on Rakowiecka Str. Used by Germans during German occupation 1939‑1945 to held thousands of Poles. In 1945‑1956 thousands of Polish independence activists were held there by the Polish Commie–Nazi branch of Russian NKVD/KGB police. Hundreds of Poles were executed. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.17]
)

sources

personal:
pracownik.kul.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.12.28]
, www.ipsb.nina.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13]
, www.ipgs.usClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23]
, arolsen-archives.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30]

LETTER to CUSTODIAN/ADMINISTRATOR

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MARTYROLOGY: RYTEL Vaclav

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