function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Warsaw archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]
Military Ordinariate of Polandmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.12.20]

academic distinctions

Doctor of Sacred Theology

honorary titles

prelatemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.11.14]
„Cross of Valour”more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2019.04.16]

date and place
of death

22.01.1940

Palmirytoday: Czosnów gm., Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]

alt. dates and places
of death

18.02.1940

Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]

details of death

alt. details of death

cause of death

mass murder

perpetrators

Germans

sites and events

PalmiryClick to display the description, Warsaw (Szucha Ave.)Click to display the description, Warsaw (Daniłowiczowska)Click to display the description, «Intelligenzaktion»Click to display the description, Collective responsibility („Hostages”)Click to display the description, GeneralgouvernementClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description, Polish‐Russian war of 1919‐1921Click to display the description

date and place
of birth

20.09.1882

Przybyszewtoday: Promna gm., Białobrzegi pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

1909

positions held

others related
in death

KRAWCZYKClick to display biography John, MĘŻYŃSKIClick to display biography Francis, PIENIĄŻEKClick to display biography Casimir, SAJNAClick to display biography Sigismund

sites and events
descriptions

Palmiry: From 12.1939 till 07.1941 Germany — units of genocidal SS and Germ. Schutzpolizei (Eng. preventive police), i.e. Schupo —‐ in mass executions, murdered in Palmiry c. 1,700‐2,200 Poles from Warsaw, mainly the intelligentsia, as part of the «AB‐aktion», as well as Jews. The first executions took place on December 07‐08.12.1939 (70+80 victims). Among the biggest were: 26.02.1940 — c. 190 people; 02.04.1940 — c. 100. The victims were brought to the execution site by trucks, usually at dawn. Their luggage was collected at the site. Sometimes were restrained and/or blindfolded. Next were led to the edge of the dug pits where they were shot with machine gun fire. Those giving signs of life were finished off with small arms. The pits were filled in and pine thickets planted. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2022.08.17])

Warsaw (Szucha Ave.): At 25 John Christian Szucha Avenue in Warsaw — then in German‐occupied General Governorate — at the heart of so‐called police district (with status Germ. „Nur für Deutsche” — End. „Only for Germans”), from 07.10.1939 headquarters of Germ. Der Kommandeur Sicherheitspolizei und des Sicherheitsdienst für den Distrikt Warschau (Eng. Bureau of Security Police and Security Service Commander for Warsaw District), Germans organised Warsaw HQ of Germ. Geheime Staatspolizei (Eng. Secret State Police), i.e. Gestapo. In the basements a Germ. Hausgefängnis (Eng. Detention Centre) was set. Prisoners from Warsaw prisons, mainly Pawiak (twice a day) where brought there for interrogations. Tortures were widely used — „beating (with a club, whip, rubber, iron poles, butts of pistols), kicking, setting dogs on, burning flesh with cigarettes or an iron rod (especially the face, heels and abdomen), crushing fingers and genitals, hanging on the hands at the back, breaking bones, knocking out front teeth, damaging eyeballs, strangling with a gas mask with a damaged absorber, irritating with electric current, pouring water into the nose with gagged mouth, dipping the prisoner's head in a bucket with water and holding it there until signs of suffocation, plucking out nails and driving steel needles under them” (Wikipedia). Often tortures were done with family members present. Even women in last months of pregnancy were tortured. During Warsaw Uprising of 08‐10.1944 Germans conducted mass executions in the building. Number of victims — unknown (in 06.1946 in Szucha Avenue building basements 5.5. tons of human ashes and bones were discovered). (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02])

Warsaw (Daniłowiczowska): Warsaw central detention centre — so‐called Centralniak — used by the Germans during occupation of Poland as a court prison where people suspected of political crimes where held. Many were subsequently taken to villages n. Warsaw (e.g. Magdalenka and Anin) and executed. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.17])

«Intelligenzaktion»: (Eng. „Action Intelligentsia”) — extermination program of Polish elites, mainly intelligentsia, executed by the Germans right from the start of the occupation in 09.1939 till around 05.1940, mainly on the lands directly incorporated into Germany but also in the so‐called General Governorate where it was called «AB‐aktion». During the first phase right after start of German occupation of Poland implemented as Germ. Unternehmen „Tannenberg” (Eng. „Tannenberg operation”) — plan based on proscription lists of Poles worked out by (Germ. Sonderfahndungsbuch Polen), regarded by Germans as specially dangerous to the German Reich. List contained names of c. 61,000 Poles. Altogether during this genocide Germans methodically murdered c. 50,000 teachers, priests, landowners, social and political activists and retired military. Further 50,000 were sent to concentration camps where most of them perished. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.04])

Collective responsibility („Hostages”): A criminal practice implemented by the Germans in the occupied territories of Poland, applied from the very first day of World War II. At its core was an appointment and public announcement of a list of names of selected people whose lives depended on absolute compliance with German orders. Any violation of these ordinances, by any person, regardless of the circumstances, resulted in the murder of the designated „hostages”. In the first days of the war and occupation, it was used i.a. by the German Wehrmacht army to prevent acts of continuation of the defense by the Poles. Later, especially in the German‐run General Governorate, it was part of the official policy of the occupation authorities — collective responsibility for any acts of resistance to the occupier's practices. For the life of one German, even if death was due to customary reasons, the Germans carried out executions from a dozen to even a hundred Poles previously designated as „hostages”.

Generalgouvernement: After the Polish defeat in the 09.1939 campaign, which was the result of the Ribbentrop‐Molotov Pact and constituted the first stage of World War II, and the beginning of German occupation in part of Poland (in the other, eastern part of Poland, the Russian occupation began), the Germans divided the occupied Polish territory into five main regions. In two of them new German provinces were created, two other were incorporated into other provinces. However, the fifth part was treated separately, and in a political sense it was supposed to recreate the German idea from 1915 (during World War I, after the defeat of the Russians in the Battle of Gorlice in 05.1915) of creating a Polish enclave within Germany. Illegal in the sense of international law, i.e. Hague Convention, and public law, managed by the Germans according to separate laws — especially established for the Polish Germ. Untermenschen (Eng. subhumans) — till the Russian offensive in 1945 it constituted the Germ. Großdeutschland (Eng. Greater Germany). Till 31.07.1940 formally called Germ. Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete (Eng. General Government for the occupied Polish lands) — later simply Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), as in the years 1915‐1918. From 07.1941, i.e. after the German attack on 22.06.1941 against the erstwhile ally, the Russians, it also included the Galicia district, i.e. the Polish pre‐war south‐eastern voivodeships. A special criminal law was enacted and applied to Poles and Jews, allowing for the arbitrary administration of the death penalty regardless of the age of the „perpetrator”, and sanctioning the use of collective responsibility. After the end of the military conflict of the World War UU, the government of the Germ. Generalgouvernement was recognized as a criminal organization, and its leader, governor Hans Frank, guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity and executed. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.12.04])

Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28], www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28])

Polish‐Russian war of 1919‐1921: War for independence of Poland and its borders. Poland regained independence in 1918 but had to fight for its borders with former imperial powers, in particular Russia. Russia planned to incite Bolshevik‐like revolutions in the Western Europe and thus invaded Poland. Russian invaders were defeated in 08.1920 in a battle called Warsaw battle („Vistula river miracle”, one of the 10 most important battles in history, according to some historians). Thanks to this victory Poland recaptured part of the lands lost during partitions of Poland in XVIII century, and Europe was saved from the genocidal Communism. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

sources

personal:
pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23], bs.sejm.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.07.06], jan.zaryn.salon24.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], www.prawy.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], salontradycjipolskiej.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.06.05]
original images:
salontradycjipolskiej.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.06.05], commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], salontradycjipolskiej.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2020.06.05], prawy.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.11.18], commons.wikimedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]