Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland
full list:
displayClick to display full list
searchClick to search full list by categories
wyświetlKliknij by wyświetlić pełną listę po polsku
szukajKliknij by przeszukać listę wg kategorii po polsku
Martyrology of the clergy — Poland
XX century (1914 – 1989)
personal data
surname
ŁYTKOWSKA
forename(s)
Claire Stephanie (pl. Klara Stefania)
religious forename(s)
Mary Cayetana (pl. Maria Kajetana)
function
nun
creed
Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]
congregation
Congregation of the Sisters of st Joseph Blessed Virgin Mary's Bridgroom CSSJmore on
www.jozefitki.pl
[access: 2012.11.23]
(i.e. St Joseph Sisters)
diocese / province
Lviv archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]
date and place
of death
17.06.1942
Kerminetoday: Navoiy, Karmana dist., Navoiy reg., Uzbekistan
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.08.19]
alt. dates and places
of death
Khanaqintoday: Khanaqin dist., Diyala prov., Iraq
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.08.19]
Kanekintoday: Russia
details of death
After German and Russian attack on Poland in 09.1939 and the start of World War II, after the start of the Russian occupation, arrested on 21.01.1940 in Lubaczów (where started her ministry just before the outbreak of the war, or got there along with thousands of refugees from Pomerania), along with Sr. Leonarda Wołyńska, by the genocidal NKVD, on the basis of a denouncement by local Ukrainians.
Held in prison in Lubaczów.
From there transported to the prison at Łącki Str. in Lviv.
In the first days of 02.1940, deported deep into Russia (probably as part of the first great genocidal deportation of Poles to the east).
Further fate unclear. According to religious sources, (prob.) perished in the „camp in Kanekin”, presumably at exile. The authors of „Liber Albus” failed to find such a place. Most probably (which is confirmed by one of the cited sources) that after the German attack on 22.06.1942 on their erstwhile ally, the Russians, and the Russian „amnesty” of 12.08.1941 for Polish citizens held in Russian concentration camps and exile, to reach the units of the Polish Armed Forces in the East being formed by General Vladislav Anders. Reached the village of Kermine, on the territory of Uzbekistan, where the later 7th Infantry Division was being formed, from 03.1942 under the command of Col. Leopold Okulicki. In addition to the military unit in Kermine, branches of the PSK Women's Auxiliary Service were also established, as well as a camp for civilians, women and children. The exiles lived in tents, and then in residential barracks. Basic equipment was missing. The exhausted refugees succumbed to numerous diseases: dysentery, malaria, typhoid fever. In 03.1942 an epidemic of spotted typhus broke out, therefore a field hospital was organized. Altogether 973 soldiers, junaks, conscripts and PSK volunteers died in the camp.
She perished there too. Less than two months later, on 05‐09.08.1942, the camps in Kermine were evacuated, first to Krasnovodsk, and then to Iran.
alt. details of death
It is possible, the she reached the city of Khanaqin, in the Kurdish part of eastern Iraq, where in 08.1942 the formation of the 8th Heavy Anti–Aircraft Artillery Regiment began — a unit of the Polish Armed Forces in the East. Although it took place a few months after the death of the nun, it is reasonable to hypothesize — in view of the existence of several Polish camps in the area, which is recorded by other sources — that Poles from the army of General Anders, could have been there earlier.
Weak after the experiences in Russia, as well as — as you can read elsewhere — „difficult weather conditions prevailing in Iraq — heat, dust, often lack of drinking water, as well as the spreading plagues of scorpions, spiders, mosquitoes — [caused that] many soldiers died of exhaustion or disease”.
Soon perished. In Khanaqin, in the early 1990s, there was a cemetery with about 438 Polish graves and plaques with an eagle. Just before the year 2000, it was partly demolished… It is also possible that she perished during deportation to Russia, in an unknown place, referred to as the „camp in Kanekin”. This would mean that she had not been covered by the Russian „amnesty” of 12.08.1941 for Polish exiles in Russia, which enabled the creation of General Anders' army, the removal of tens of thousands of unfortunates to Iran and Iraq, thus saving their lives.
cause of death
extermination
perpetrators
Russians
sites and events
Gen. Anders army’s evacuation to IranClick to display the description, Deportations to SiberiaClick to display the description, Deportations to SiberiaClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description
date and place
of birth
26.12.1905
Lińsktoday: Śliwice gm., Tuchola pov., Kuyavia‐Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.08.19]
religious vows
19.11.1923 (temporary)
positions held
1939 – till 1940
nun — Lubaczówtoday: Lubaczów urban gm., Lubaczów pov., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.20] ⋄ Congregation's house, St Joseph Sisters CSSJ — nurse in a hospital operated by the Congregation
from c. 08.1938 – 1939
nun — Warlubietoday: Warlubie gm., Świecie pov., Kuyavia‐Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.09.02] ⋄ Congregation's house, St Joseph Sisters CSSJ — parish service, supporting a doctor who saw patients from the commune of Jeżewo twice a week
from c. 10.1936
nun — Szymbarktoday: Stężyca gm., Kartuzy pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.02.24] ⋄ St Joseph Sisters CSSJ — care of the sick in the parish; parish rectory resident
nun — Gniewtoday: Gniew gm., Tczew pov., Pomerania voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.29] ⋄ Congregation's house (at Wiślana Str.), St Joseph Sisters CSSJ — nurse at a local hospital operated by the Congregation (surgeries assistance, laboratory staff and care for the chronically ill)
nun — Dolynatoday: Dolyna urban hrom., Kalush rai., Stanislaviv/Ivano‐Frankivsk, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2020.11.20] ⋄ Congregation's house, St Joseph Sisters CSSJ — nurse in a hospital operated by the Congregation
from c. 1924
nun — Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16] ⋄ Motherhouse, St Joseph Sisters CSSJ — student of the two–year Nursing School at the General Hospital
till 19.11.1923
novitiate — Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16] ⋄ Motherhouse, St Joseph Sisters CSSJ
1922
accession — St Joseph Sisters CSSJ
others related
in death
RADKIEWICZClick to display biography Steven (Fr Anatol of Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary)
sites and events
descriptions
Gen. Anders army’s evacuation to Iran: In 08‐09.1941 joint British and Russian invasion of Iran ( „Operation Y”) took place. On 17.09.1941 Teheran was jointly captured by British and Russian troops. When Gen. Anders decided to take Polish troops out of Russia altogether 75,003 militaries and 41,128 civilians, including c. 20,000 children, Polish victims of Russian deportations, prisons and concentration camps reached Iran between 12.03.1942 and 09.1942. One of the transit camps was in Mashhad in northern Iran, in Russian occupation zone, which 2,694 people, mainly civilians including 1,704 children (Mary Anne Tyszkiewicz known under artistic name of Hanka Ordonówna, famous Polish singer) went through. There on a separate patch of Armenian cemetery 29 Polish refugees, including 16 soldiers were buried — victims of car accidents on treacherous road from Russia and devastation and exhaustion from past experiences in Russia. Altogether 600 Polish soldiers, „43 junior‐boys, 17 junior‐girls, 13 volunteers of Women’s Support Services and 2 sisters of Red Cross” perished in Iran… (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30])
Deportations to Siberia: In 1939‐1941 Russians deported — in four large groups in: 10.02.1940, 13‐14.04.1940, 05‐07.1940, 05‐06.1941 — up to 1 mln of Polish citizens from Russian occupied Poland to Siberia leaving them without any support at the place of exile. Thousands of them perished or never returned. The deportations east, deep into Russia, to Siberia resumed after 1944 when Russians took over Poland. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.09.21])
Deportations to Siberia: In 1939‐1941 Russians deported — in four large groups in: 10.02.1940, 13‐14.04.1940, 05‐07.1940, 05‐06.1941 — up to 1 mln of Polish citizens from Russian occupied Poland to Siberia leaving them without any support at the place of exile. Thousands of them perished or never returned. The deportations east, deep into Russia, to Siberia resumed after 1944 when Russians took over Poland. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.09.21])
Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])
Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28], www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28])
sources
personal:
kul.org.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.08.19], zbrodniawolynska.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.08.19], defence24.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.08.19]
bibliographical:
„Mysterium iniquitatis. Clergy and religious of the Latin rite murdered by Ukrainian nationalists in 1939‐1945”, Fr Józef Marecki, Institute of National Remembrance IPN, Kraków 2020
LETTER to CUSTODIAN/ADMINISTRATOR
If you have an Email client on your communicator/computer — such as Mozilla Thunderbird, Windows Mail or Microsoft Outlook, described at WikipediaPatrz:
en.wikipedia.org, among others — try the link below, please:
LETTER to CUSTODIAN/ADMINISTRATORClick and try to call your own Email client
If however you do not run such a client or the above link is not active please send an email to the Custodian/Administrator using your account — in your customary email/correspondence engine — at the following address:
giving the following as the subject:
MARTYROLOGY: ŁYTKOWSKA Claire Stephanie
To return to the biography press below:
Click to return to biography