function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Lviv archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]
Military Ordinariate of Polandmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.12.20]

honorary titles

„Cross of Valour”more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2019.04.16]
„Cross of Independence”more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2019.02.02]

date and place
of death

11.09.1945

n. Maceratatoday: Macerata prov., Marche reg., Italy
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.03.19]

details of death

cause of death

accident

perpetrators

Germans

sites and events

Gen. Anders army’s evacuation to IranClick to display the description, ITL OnegLagClick to display the description, ITL SorokLagClick to display the description, GulagClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description, Polish‐Russian war of 1919‐1921Click to display the description

date and place
of birth

21.04.1894

Koszarawatoday: Koszarawa gm., Żywiec pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.28]

alt. dates and places
of birth

23.04.1894

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

29.06.1922 (Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16])

positions held

others related
in death

TARGOSZClick to display biography Stanislav Peter

sites and events
descriptions

Gen. Anders army’s evacuation to Iran: In 08‐09.1941 joint British and Russian invasion of Iran ( „Operation Y”) took place. On 17.09.1941 Teheran was jointly captured by British and Russian troops. When Gen. Anders decided to take Polish troops out of Russia altogether 75,003 militaries and 41,128 civilians, including c. 20,000 children, Polish victims of Russian deportations, prisons and concentration camps reached Iran between 12.03.1942 and 09.1942. One of the transit camps was in Mashhad in northern Iran, in Russian occupation zone, which 2,694 people, mainly civilians including 1,704 children (Mary Anne Tyszkiewicz known under artistic name of Hanka Ordonówna, famous Polish singer) went through. There on a separate patch of Armenian cemetery 29 Polish refugees, including 16 soldiers were buried — victims of car accidents on treacherous road from Russia and devastation and exhaustion from past experiences in Russia. Altogether 600 Polish soldiers, „43 junior‐boys, 17 junior‐girls, 13 volunteers of Women’s Support Services and 2 sisters of Red Cross” perished in Iran… (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.05.30])

ITL OnegLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Онежский (Eng. Onezhskiy) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — headquartered at the Plesetskaya railway station of the Northern Railway Line, near the village of Plesetsk in the Arkhangelsk Oblast. Founded on 05.02.1938. The prisoners slaved at the forest clearing, wood harvesting and processing, loading and delivery of firewood to Moscow, construction of a pulp mill, etc. At its peak c. 20,000 prisoners were held there: e.g. 16,733 (01.01.1939); 19,222 (01.01.1940); 19,181 (01.01.1941); 19,941 (01.01.1942); 16,141 (01.04.1942). Ceased to operate on 05.05.1942, and most of the prisoners were transferred to the ITL KargopoŁag. (more on: old.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

ITL SorokLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Сорокский (Eng. Sorokskiy) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — headquartered in Belomorsk in Republic of Karelia (till 1938 known as Soroky) and then in Kodino in Arkhangelsk Oblast. Founded on 07.05.1938. Prisoners slaved at the construction of the second track of the Belomorsk‐Murmansk railway line and the Belomorsk‐Plesetsk railway line (with the railway station in Obozerskaya), ethyl alcohol distilleries (in the hydrolysis process) in Belomorsk and Onega, in the operation of railway lines, etc. At its peak c. 52,000 prisoners were held there: e.g. 17,360 (01.10.1938); 17,458 (01.01.1939); 17,941 (01.01.1940); 52,379 (01.01.1941); 40,164 (01.07.1941); 21,725 (01.01.1942); 22,289 (01.04.1942). Ceased to exist on 08.04.1942. (more on: old.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

Gulag: The acronym Gulag comes from the Rus. Главное управление исправительно‐трудовых лагерей и колоний (Eng. Main Board of Correctional Labor Camps). The network of Russian concentration camps for slave labor was formally established by the decision of the highest Russian authorities on 27.06.1929. Control was taken over by the OGPU, the predecessor of the genocidal NKVD (from 1934) and the MGB (from 1946). Individual gulags (camps) were often established in remote, sparsely populated areas, where industrial or transport facilities important for the Russian state were built. They were modeled on the first „great construction of communism”, the White Sea‐Baltic Canal (1931‐1932), and Naftali Frenkel, of Jewish origin, is considered the creator of the system of using forced slave labor within the Gulag. He went down in history as the author of the principle „We have to squeeze everything out of the prisoner in the first three months — then nothing is there for us”. He was to be the creator, according to Alexander Solzhenitsyn, of the so‐called „Boiler system”, i.e. the dependence of food rations on working out a certain percentage of the norm. The term ZEK — prisoner — i.e. Rus. заключенный‐каналоармец (Eng. canal soldier) — was coined in the ITL BelBaltLag managed by him, and was adopted to mean a prisoner in Russian slave labor camps. Up to 12 mln prisoners were held in Gulag camps at one time, i.e. c. 5% of Russia's population. In his book „The Gulag Archipelago”, Solzhenitsyn estimated that c. 60 mln people were killed in the Gulag until 1956. Formally dissolved on 20.01.1960. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28], www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28])

Polish‐Russian war of 1919‐1921: War for independence of Poland and its borders. Poland regained independence in 1918 but had to fight for its borders with former imperial powers, in particular Russia. Russia planned to incite Bolshevik‐like revolutions in the Western Europe and thus invaded Poland. Russian invaders were defeated in 08.1920 in a battle called Warsaw battle („Vistula river miracle”, one of the 10 most important battles in history, according to some historians). Thanks to this victory Poland recaptured part of the lands lost during partitions of Poland in XVIII century, and Europe was saved from the genocidal Communism. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

sources

personal:
cracovia-leopolis.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.06], www.zsowadowice.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.05.23], docplayer.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.09.02], www.cmentarzmontecassino.com.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.06], biographies.library.nd.eduClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09]
bibliographical:
„Register of Latin rite Lviv metropolis clergy’s losses in 1939‐45”, Józef Krętosz, Maria Pawłowiczowa, editors, Opole, 2005
„Biographical lexicon of Lviv Roman Catholic Metropoly clergy victims of the II World War 1939‐1945”, Mary Pawłowiczowa (ed.), Fr Joseph Krętosz (ed.), Holy Cross Publishing, Opole, 2007
„Schematismus Universi Saecularis et Regularis Cleri Archi Diaeceseos Metropol. Leopol. Rit. Lat.”, Lviv Metropolitan Curia, from 1860 till 1938
original images:
docplayer.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.09.02], docplayer.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.09.02], docplayer.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.09.02], docplayer.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.09.02]