function

diocesan priest

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

diocese / province

Mogilev archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.06.23]
Minsk diocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

date and place
of death

21.07.1950

Bulayevotoday: North Kazakhstan reg., Kazakhstan
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.02.27]

alt. dates and places
of death

1950

details of death

alt. details of death

cause of death

extermination

perpetrators

Russians

sites and events

Forced exileClick to display the description, ITL OmLagClick to display the description, ITL VorkutLagClick to display the description, ITL UkhtPechLagClick to display the description, UchtaClick to display the description, ITL KarLagClick to display the description, GulagClick to display the description, Polish‐Russian war of 1919‐1921Click to display the description

date and place
of birth

18.05.1895

Barysawtoday: Barysaw dist., Minsk reg., Belarus
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.09.11]

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

1920

positions held

sites and events
descriptions

Forced exile: One of the standard Russian forms of repression. The prisoners were usually taken to a small village in the middle of nowhere — somewhere in Siberia, in far north or far east — dropped out of the train carriage or a cart, left out without means of subsistence or place to live. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

ITL OmLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Омскстроя (Eng. Omstroya) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — with headquarters in the city of Omsk, in the Omsk Oblast. Founded on 20.05.1950. Prisoners, many of whom were Poles, worked as slaves in the construction of an oil refinery and a thermal power plant, an airport, military warehouses, a rail bridge over the Om River and many other infrastructural projects (such as power lines, residential, social and cultural buildings, brick factory, reinforced concrete and reinforced concrete products, car depot, city sewage system and sewage treatment plant, roads, cinder block factory, etc.), as well as at quarries in the village of Borove in the Kokshetau region (today in Kazakhstan). At its peak — till the death on 05.03.1953 of Russian socialist leader, Joseph Stalin — c. 30,000 prisoners were held there: e.g. 21,335 (01.01.1953); 28,646 (01.04.1953). Ceased to exist on 24.07.1953 — renamed to Omskiy ITL (Omskiy Lag). (more on: old.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2022.08.17], old.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2022.08.17])

ITL VorkutLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Воркутинский (Eng. Vorkutinskiy) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — headquartered in the town of Vorkuta in the Republic of Komi (initially prob. in Arkhangelsk Oblast), beyond the Arctic circle. Founded on 10.05.1938. Prisoners slaved at the construction of mines and coal mining (including processing plants, construction and renovation of access railway lines), preparation for industrial purposes and development of molybdenum deposits (including construction of the Vorkuta‐Kharbey power line, experimental enrichment plant, access roads), construction of barges on the Pechora River, construction of a thermal power plant, in various factories (production of bricks, building materials, wood processing, cement, furs, consumer goods), workshops (repair, mechanical), auxiliary agricultural work, etc. At its peak — till the death on 05.03.1953 of Russian socialist leader, Joseph Stalin — c. 73,000 prisoners were held there: e.g. 52,195 (01.01.1946); 62,525 (01.01.1948); 62,676 (01.01.1950); 72,940 (01.01.1951); 41,677 (01.01.1952); 52,453 (01.01.1955); 50,515 (01.01.1956); 49,646 (01.01.1957). In the most tragic year in the history of the camp, 1943, 15.5% of prisoners died. The total number of victims is unknown. Ceased to exist in 1960. (more on: old.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

ITL UkhtPechLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Ухто‐Ижемский (Eng. Ukht‐Izhemskiy) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — headquartered in Chibyu (today: Ukhta) in Izhma river region, in Komi Republic. Founded on 06.06.1931. Prisoners slaved at the search for and extraction of crude oil and coal, radium, natural gas, asphaltite (high concentration of radium was detected in the camp, the highest in the world in water layers), in the construction of gas plants, access roads (e.g. Chibyu‐Krutaya), railway lines (e.g. Chibyu‐Ust‐Vym‐Kotlas, Vorkuta‐Ust‐Usa‐Kozhva), river barge construction, forest clearing and timber harvesting, etc. At its peak — till the death on 05.03.1953 of Russian socialist leader, Joseph Stalin — c. 5,000 prisoners were held there: e.g. 13,400 (12.1932); 23,840 (01.01.1934); 20,730 (01.01.1935); 21,750 (01.01.1936); 31,035 (01.01.1937); 54,792 (01.01.1938). Ceased to exist on 10.05.1938 when the camp was divided into four camp complexes: ITL UkhtIzhemLag (50,000 km2), ITL VorkutLag, ITL SevZhelDorLag and ITL UstVymLag. (more on: old.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

Uchta: Local capital of a series of Russian concentration camps and forced labour camps — among others in diamond mines and at oil production — part of GULAG penal system, in the Komi republic (beyond Arctic Circle) — such as Uchpechłag, ITL VorkutLag, Inta, Uchwymlag, ITL UkhtIzhemLag, Sieżeldor forced labour camps. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.17])

ITL KarLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Карагандинский (Eng. Karagandskiy) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — with headquarters in the city of Karaganda, Karaganda Oblast in Kazakhstan. Founded on 17.09.1931. One of the largest in the Gulag complex. It covered an area of 300 by 200 km, with its center in the Dolynka village, c. 45 km from Karaganda. One of the tasks was to grow food, especially animal husbandry, for the emerging centers of coal mining and heavy industry in Kazakhstan. Prisoners slaved in camp workshops (metal processing, drawing, tailoring), in the production of construction materials, in a glassworks, a sugar refinery, a vegetable drying plant, in coal mines, limestone mining, and in fishing. At its peak, c. 65,000 prisoners were held there: e.g. 45,798 (01.01.1943); 50,080 (01.01.1944); 53,946 (01.01.1945); 60,745 (01.01.1947); 63,555 (01.01.1948); 65,673 (01.01.1949); 54,179 (01.01.1950); 45,675 (01.01.1951). In total, c. 1,000,000 people passed through the camp, including many women and children. Many died. It ceased operations on 27.07.1959. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13])

Gulag: The acronym Gulag comes from the Rus. Главное управление исправительно‐трудовых лагерей и колоний (Eng. Main Board of Correctional Labor Camps). The network of Russian concentration camps for slave labor was formally established by the decision of the highest Russian authorities on 27.06.1929. Control was taken over by the OGPU, the predecessor of the genocidal NKVD (from 1934) and the MGB (from 1946). Individual gulags (camps) were often established in remote, sparsely populated areas, where industrial or transport facilities important for the Russian state were built. They were modeled on the first „great construction of communism”, the White Sea‐Baltic Canal (1931‐1932), and Naftali Frenkel, of Jewish origin, is considered the creator of the system of using forced slave labor within the Gulag. He went down in history as the author of the principle „We have to squeeze everything out of the prisoner in the first three months — then nothing is there for us”. He was to be the creator, according to Alexander Solzhenitsyn, of the so‐called „Boiler system”, i.e. the dependence of food rations on working out a certain percentage of the norm. The term ZEK — prisoner — i.e. Rus. заключенный‐каналоармец (Eng. canal soldier) — was coined in the ITL BelBaltLag managed by him, and was adopted to mean a prisoner in Russian slave labor camps. Up to 12 mln prisoners were held in Gulag camps at one time, i.e. c. 5% of Russia's population. In his book „The Gulag Archipelago”, Solzhenitsyn estimated that c. 60 mln people were killed in the Gulag until 1956. Formally dissolved on 20.01.1960. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

Polish‐Russian war of 1919‐1921: War for independence of Poland and its borders. Poland regained independence in 1918 but had to fight for its borders with former imperial powers, in particular Russia. Russia planned to incite Bolshevik‐like revolutions in the Western Europe and thus invaded Poland. Russian invaders were defeated in 08.1920 in a battle called Warsaw battle („Vistula river miracle”, one of the 10 most important battles in history, according to some historians). Thanks to this victory Poland recaptured part of the lands lost during partitions of Poland in XVIII century, and Europe was saved from the genocidal Communism. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.12.20])

sources

personal:
biographies.library.nd.eduClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09], catholic.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], www.borlib.byClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], ru.openlist.wikiClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02]
bibliographical:
„Lexicon of Polish clergy repressed in USSR in 1939‐1988”, Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, ed. Science Society KUL, 2003, Lublin
„Fate of the Catholic clergy in USSR 1917‐1939. Martyrology”, Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, ed. Science Society KUL, 2003, Lublin
original images:
ipn.gov.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.02.02]