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    source: own collection
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Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

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    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
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    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
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    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

personal data

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  • GMUROWSKI Florian (Fr Andrew) - Jarosław, source: klasztor.niepokalanki.edu.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGMUROWSKI Florian (Fr Andrew)
    Jarosław
    source: klasztor.niepokalanki.edu.pl
    own collection

surname

GMUROWSKI

forename(s)

Florian

religious forename(s)

Andrew (pl. Andrzej)

function

religious cleric

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

congregation

Order of Preachers OPmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.07.06]

(i.e. Dominican Order, Dominicans)

diocese / province

St Hyacinth Polish Province
St Hyacinth Galicia Province OP
Military Ordinariate of Polandmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.12.20]

academic distinctions

Dominican Fathers' Master of Holy Theology
Habilitation Doctor of Theology
Dominican Fathers' Lector of Holy Theology

date and place
of death

04.10.1944

Częstochowatoday: Częstochowa city pov., Silesia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]

details of death

After German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 and start of the World War II, after start of German occupation, took part in Warsaw Uprising in 08‐10.1944 as a chaplain.

Left Warsaw together with its inhabitants.

Exhausted perished shortly after Uprising's fall.

cause of death

extermination

perpetrators

Germans

sites and events

Warsaw UprisingClick to display the description, GeneralgouvernementClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description

date and place
of birth

30.03.1901

Ostrów Wielkopolskitoday: Ostrów Wielkopolski urban gm., Ostrów Wielkopolski pov., Greater Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]

religious vows

1921 (temporary)

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

30.07.1925 (Saulchoir abbey, Kain (today part of Tournai), Belgiummore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
)

positions held

1943 – 1944

friar — WarsawSłużew neighborhood
form.: till 1938 separate village
today: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.03.16]
⋄ St Dominica monastery, Dominicans OP — prob.

c. 1941 – 1943

prior — Jarosławtoday: Jarosław gm., Jarosław pov., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.04.01]
⋄ Blessed Virgin Mary of Sorrows monastery, Dominicans OP

1939 – c. 1941

lecturer — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ Philosophical and Theological Studies, Holy Trinity monastery, Dominicans OP

1939

professor — Lublintoday: Lublin city pov., Lublin voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.08.20]
⋄ moral theology, Catholic University of Lublin KUL [i.e. Catholic University of Lublin KUL (since 1928) / clandestine Catholic University of Lublin KUL (1939‐1944) / University of Lublin (1918‐1928)] — appointee, did not take the position due to the outbreak of World War II, the German occupation and the closure of the University by the Germans

c. 1937 – c. 1939

friar — WarsawSłużew neighborhood
form.: till 1938 separate village
today: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.03.16]
⋄ St Dominica monastery, Dominicans OP — co‐responsible for the construction of the church and monastery, also: co–founder (with Prof. Ignatius Maria Bocheński) of the „Polish Thomistic Review” quarterly (1939)

c. 1937 – c. 1939

professor — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ moral theology, Department of Catholic Theology, University of Warsaw [i.e. University of Warsaw (from 1945) / clandestine University (1939‐1945) / Joseph Piłsudski University (1935‐1939) / University of Warsaw (1915‐1935) / Imperial University of Warsaw (1870‐1915)]

1934 – c. 1939

archivist — Polish Province, Dominicans OP

1936

Rometoday: Rome prov., Lazio reg., Italy
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]
⋄ Order's general, Dominicans OP — conferring the Order's honorary title of Master of Sacred Theology

1934

postdoctoral degree (habilitation) — Warsawtoday: Warsaw city pov., Masovia voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.10.09]
⋄ Department of Catholic Theology, University of Warsaw [i.e. University of Warsaw (from 1945) / clandestine University (1939‐1945) / Joseph Piłsudski University (1935‐1939) / University of Warsaw (1915‐1935) / Imperial University of Warsaw (1870‐1915)]

1927 – 1936

professor — Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16]
⋄ Philosophical and Theological Studies, Corpus Christi monastery, Dominicans OP — lecturer in moral theology and canon law; also: organizer of the Dominican Fathers' publishing house and printing house (1930‐1), co‐founder and editor (1930‐3) of the „Christ School” monthly

till 1928

PhD student — Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16]
⋄ theology, John Casimir University [i.e. clandestine John Casimir University (1941‐1944) / Ivan Franko University (1940‐1941) / John Casimir University (1919‐1939) / Franciscan University (1817‐1918)]

1925 – 1927

student — Kaintoday: district of Tournai, Hainaut prov., Wallonia reg., Belgium
more on
fr.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.11.20]
⋄ Studium Generale (philosophical–theological college), Abbey (Le Saulchoir), Dominicans OP — postgraduate specialised studies, crowned with the Order's diploma Lector of Sacred Theology; also: service among Polish economic and political migrants and exiles

1923 – 1925

student — Kaintoday: district of Tournai, Hainaut prov., Wallonia reg., Belgium
more on
fr.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.11.20]
⋄ Studium Generale (philosophical–theological college), Abbey (Le Saulchoir), Dominicans OP

1922 – 1923

student — Lvivtoday: Lviv urban hrom., Lviv rai., Lviv, Ukraine
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.16]
⋄ Philosophical and Theological Studies, Corpus Christi monastery, Dominicans OP

1921 – 1922

novitiate — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ Holy Trinity monastery, Dominicans OP

1921

accession — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ Holy Trinity monastery, Dominicans OP

1918 – 1921

student — Poznańtoday: Poznań city pov., Greater Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.07.18]
⋄ philosophy and theology, Archbishop's Theological Seminary (Collegium Leoninum)

writer and publicist — author of many books (e.g. „Christian perfection in accordance with the principles of St Thomas Aquinas. Theological studies”, Gniezno 1934, „Acquired and proper virtues: a comparative study according to the principles of St Thomas Aquinas”, Gniezno 1935, „Issue of imperfection”, Włocławek 1936, „Temptation and Experience”, Lviv 1937) and articles (e.g. „Holiness and Perfection” in „Christ School”, 1933, 1938, „Voice of Hope from the Time of the Occupation”, in „On the Way”, posthumously 1973)

sites and events
descriptions

Warsaw Uprising: Lasted from 01.08.1944 till 03.10.1944. Was an attempt to liberate Polish capital from occupying Germans by the Polish Clandestine State — a unique in the history of the world political structure on the territories occupied by the Germans, effectively governing clandestinely in Poland — and by fighting on its behalf underground military units, mainly of Home Army (former Armed Struggle Association ZWZ) and National Armed Forced (NSZ). At the same time Russians stopped on purpose the offensive on all front, halted on the other bank of Vistula river and watched calmly the annihilation of the city, refusing even the mid‐landing rights to the Allied planes carrying weapons and supplies to the insurgents from Italy. During the Uprising Germans murdered approx. 200,000 Poles, mainly civilians. Approx. 200 priests and nuns died in fighting or were murdered by the Germans, many in mass executions. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.08.17]
)

Generalgouvernement: After the Polish defeat in the 09.1939 campaign, which was the result of the Ribbentrop‐Molotov Pact and constituted the first stage of World War II, and the beginning of German occupation in part of Poland (in the other, eastern part of Poland, the Russian occupation began), the Germans divided the occupied Polish territory into five main regions. In two of them new German provinces were created, two other were incorporated into other provinces. However, the fifth part was treated separately, and in a political sense it was supposed to recreate the German idea from 1915 (during World War I, after the defeat of the Russians in the Battle of Gorlice in 05.1915) of creating a Polish enclave within Germany. Illegal in the sense of international law, i.e. Hague Convention, and public law, managed by the Germans according to separate laws — especially established for the Polish Germ. Untermenschen (Eng. subhumans) — till the Russian offensive in 1945 it constituted the Germ. Großdeutschland (Eng. Greater Germany). Till 31.07.1940 formally called Germ. Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete (Eng. General Government for the occupied Polish lands) — later simply Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), as in the years 1915‐1918. From 07.1941, i.e. after the German attack on 22.06.1941 against the erstwhile ally, the Russians, it also included the Galicia district, i.e. the Polish pre‐war south‐eastern voivodeships. A special criminal law was enacted and applied to Poles and Jews, allowing for the arbitrary administration of the death penalty regardless of the age of the „perpetrator”, and sanctioning the use of collective responsibility. After the end of the military conflict of the World War UU, the government of the Germ. Generalgouvernement was recognized as a criminal organization, and its leader, governor Hans Frank, guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity and executed. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.12.04]
)

Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
, www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
)

sources

personal:
www.eduteka.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.10.05]
, www.straty.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.04.16]

original images:
klasztor.niepokalanki.edu.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.10.13]

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