function

religious cleric

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

congregation

Society of Jesus SImore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]
(i.e. Jesuits)

diocese / province

Riga archdiocesemore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

academic distinctions

Bachelor of Canon Law

nationality

Latvian

date and place
of death

15.06.1942

ITL VyatLagGuLAG slave labour camp network
form.: Yagodnyia
today: non‐existent, Kirov oblast, Russia

details of death

cause of death

extermination

perpetrators

Russians

sites and events

ITL VyatLagClick to display the description, GulagClick to display the description, KLW Pavliszchew BorClick to display the description, Deportations to SiberiaClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description

date and place
of birth

06.06.1903

Logockitoday: Kalupe pog., Augšdaugava mun., Latvia
more on
lv.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.06.29]

alt. dates and places
of birth

1902

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

06.09.1926

positions held

others related
in death

APSZYNASClick to display biography Peter

sites and events
descriptions

ITL VyatLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Вятский (Eng. Vyatskiy) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — headquartered in Rudnichny village in Kirow Oblast. Founded on 05.02.1938. Prisoners slaved at the forest felling and wood processing, construction of pulp mills, sawmills, production of railway sleepers, furniture, musical instruments, clothing, shoes, bricks, pottery, mechanical and repair workshops, road construction, etc. At its peak — till the death on 05.03.1953 of Russian socialist leader, Joseph Stalin — c. 35,000 prisoners were held there: e.g. 19,984 (01.01.1940); 28,643 (01.01.1942); 16,492 (01.01.1943); 24,922 (01.01.1948); 28,228 (01.01.1950); 35,218 (01.04.1952); 31,410 (01.01.1953); 22,215 (01.01.1954); 22,454 (01.01.1955); 22,447 (01.01.1956); 23,356 (01.01.1957); 23,614 (01.01.1959); 18,211 (01.01.1960). In 1952, among the 35,218 prisoners, there were 5,411 women and 6,415 convicted of „counter‐revolutionary activities”. Ceased to operate in 1960 (in practice functioned till 1990s). (more on: old.memo.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08], ru.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14])

Gulag: The acronym Gulag comes from the Rus. Главное управление исправительно‐трудовых лагерей и колоний (Eng. Main Board of Correctional Labor Camps). The network of Russian concentration camps for slave labor was formally established by the decision of the highest Russian authorities on 27.06.1929. Control was taken over by the OGPU, the predecessor of the genocidal NKVD (from 1934) and the MGB (from 1946). Individual gulags (camps) were often established in remote, sparsely populated areas, where industrial or transport facilities important for the Russian state were built. They were modeled on the first „great construction of communism”, the White Sea‐Baltic Canal (1931‐1932), and Naftali Frenkel, of Jewish origin, is considered the creator of the system of using forced slave labor within the Gulag. He went down in history as the author of the principle „We have to squeeze everything out of the prisoner in the first three months — then nothing is there for us”. He was to be the creator, according to Alexander Solzhenitsyn, of the so‐called „Boiler system”, i.e. the dependence of food rations on working out a certain percentage of the norm. The term ZEK — prisoner — i.e. Rus. заключенный‐каналоармец (Eng. canal soldier) — was coined in the ITL BelBaltLag managed by him, and was adopted to mean a prisoner in Russian slave labor camps. Up to 12 mln prisoners were held in Gulag camps at one time, i.e. c. 5% of Russia's population. In his book „The Gulag Archipelago”, Solzhenitsyn estimated that c. 60 mln people were killed in the Gulag until 1956. Formally dissolved on 20.01.1960. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

KLW Pavliszchew Bor: Russian Rus. Концентрационный Лагерь для Военнопленных (Eng. POW Concentration Camp) KLW, run by genocidal Russian NKVD organization, known also as Yukhnovo R‐43, c. 20 km from the Roslawl‐Moscow railway line, in the Kaluga Oblast, for Poles arrested after the invasion in 1939, operating in the years 1939‐1941 in the village of Pavlischchev Bor — on the former estate of the Koziell‐Poklewski family, previously used as an anti‐tuberculosis sanatorium. At least three independent groups of Polish prisoners were held in the camp: 09‐12.1939, 04‐06.1940 and 07.1940‐06.1941. Among others, on 08.10.1939, 8,095 Polish prisoners of war were held in the camp. In 07.1941 the camp was also used as a transit camp, among others for Latvian prisoners arrested in 06.1941, just before the German attack on 22.06.1941 against their previous ally, the Russians. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

Deportations to Siberia: In 1939‐1941 Russians deported — in four large groups in: 10.02.1940, 13‐14.04.1940, 05‐07.1940, 05‐06.1941 — up to 1 mln of Polish citizens from Russian occupied Poland to Siberia leaving them without any support at the place of exile. Thousands of them perished or never returned. The deportations east, deep into Russia, to Siberia resumed after 1944 when Russians took over Poland. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.09.21])

Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30])

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28], www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28])

sources

personal:
www.jezuici.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.26], misjejezuici.blogspot.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.01.26], latgalesdati.du.lvClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], www.preilubiblioteka.lvClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], nekropole.infoClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14], archive.todayClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19]
bibliographical:
„Lexicon of Polish clergy repressed in USSR in 1939‐1988”, Roman Dzwonkowski, SAC, ed. Science Society KUL, 2003, Lublin
„Jesuits on Polish and Lithuanian territory knowledge encyclopedia, 1564‐1995”, Fr Louis Grzebień SI (editor), WAM Printing House, Cracow 1996
original images:
www.preilubiblioteka.lvClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14]