• OUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA: st Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionOUR LADY of CZĘSTOCHOWA
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
link to OUR LADY of PERPETUAL HELP in SŁOMCZYN infoSITE LOGO

Roman Catholic
St Sigismund parish
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese, Poland

  • St SIGISMUND: St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
  • St SIGISMUND: XIX c., feretory, St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland; source: own collectionSt SIGISMUND
    XIX c., feretory
    St Sigismund parish church, Słomczyn, Poland
    source: own collection
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Martyrology of the clergy — Poland

XX century (1914 – 1989)

personal data

review in:

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link do KARTY OSOBOWEJ - POLSKA WERSJAKliknij by wyświetlić to bio po polsku
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William), source: own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    source: own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - 1937, Prokocim, source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    1937, Prokocim
    source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - c. 1930, source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    c. 1930
    source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - 1917, source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    1917
    source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - 1915, source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    1915
    source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - 1906, source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    1906
    source: cyfrowa.biblioteka.krakow.pl:8080
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William), source: parafia-szczercow.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    source: parafia-szczercow.pl
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William), source: pl.wikipedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    source: pl.wikipedia.org
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - c. 04.11.1941, KL Auschwitz, concentration camp's photo; source: Archives of Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oświęcim (www.augustianie.pl), own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    c. 04.11.1941, KL Auschwitz, concentration camp's photo
    source: Archives of Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oświęcim (www.augustianie.pl)
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - c. 04.11.1941, KL Auschwitz, concentration camp's photo; source: Archives of Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oświęcim (www.augustianie.pl), own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    c. 04.11.1941, KL Auschwitz, concentration camp's photo
    source: Archives of Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oświęcim (www.augustianie.pl)
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - c. 04.11.1941, KL Auschwitz, concentration camp's photo; source: Archives of Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oświęcim (www.augustianie.pl), own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    c. 04.11.1941, KL Auschwitz, concentration camp's photo
    source: Archives of Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum in Oświęcim (www.augustianie.pl)
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - Contemporary painting of 4 Augustinian Servants of God, source: diecezja.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    Contemporary painting of 4 Augustinian Servants of God
    source: diecezja.pl
    own collection

religious status

Servant of God

surname

GACZEK

forename(s)

Boleslav John (pl. Bolesław Jan)

religious forename(s)

William (pl. Wilhelm)

  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - Monument, St Nicholas church, Cracow-Prokocim, source: pl.wikipedia.org, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    Monument, St Nicholas church, Cracow-Prokocim
    source: pl.wikipedia.org
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - Commemorative plague, Cracow, source: www.augustianie.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    Commemorative plague, Cracow
    source: www.augustianie.pl
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - Commemorative plaque, St Catherine church, Cracow, 7 Augustiańska str., source: www.bj.uj.edu.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    Commemorative plaque, St Catherine church, Cracow, 7 Augustiańska str.
    source: www.bj.uj.edu.pl
    own collection
  • GACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William) - Commemorative plaque, Our Lady the Immaculate church, Harmęże, source: www.harmeze.franciszkanie.pl, own collection; CLICK TO ZOOM AND DISPLAY INFOGACZEK Boleslav John (Fr William)
    Commemorative plaque, Our Lady the Immaculate church, Harmęże
    source: www.harmeze.franciszkanie.pl
    own collection

function

religious cleric

creed

Latin (Roman Catholic) Church RCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

congregation

Augustinian (OSA) OSAmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

(i.e. Augustinians, Augustinian friars)

honorary titles

Honorary Citizen of Prokocim

date and place
of death

14.11.1941

KL Auschwitzconcentration camp
today: Oświęcim, Oświęcim gm., Oświęcim pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland

more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.01.09]

alt. dates and places
of death

17.11.1941 („official” date)

details of death

After German and Russian invasion of Poland in 09.1939 that initiated the World War II and start of the German occupation the monks of Kraków–Kazimierz monastery provided shelter to c. 60 Poles deported forcibly by Germans from territories directly incorporated to Germany, mainly from Greater Poland region, and abandoned in the middle of nowhere in the German‐run General Government territory.

They also gave help to persecuted Jews from the Kazimierz district of Cracom, the majority of whom in 05.1940 got deported to the vicinity of Lublin — to „allow” settlement of Germans arriving in Kraków — and the rest was locked in 03.1941 in the newly formed ghetto in Kraków–Podgórze.

Arrested on 19/20.09.1941 by the Germans together with a group of friars from Kazimierz monastery in Kraków, including Fr Joseph Gociek, Fr Adam Olszewski, Fr Thadeus Wilucki and Bro Casimir Lipka.

Jailed in Montelupich Str. prison in Kraków.

Tortured.

Next on 04.11.1941 transported to KL Auschwitz concentration camp.

There in the barrack No. 7 murdered during interrogation in the political ward of the KL Auschwitz camp (according to other sources perished from exhaustion after 2 weeks in the camp).

prisoner camp's numbers

22401Click to display source page (KL AuschwitzClick to display the description)

cause of death

murder

perpetrators

Germans

sites and events

KL AuschwitzClick to display the description, Regierungsbezirk KattowitzClick to display the description, Cracow (Montelupich)Click to display the description, 20.09.1941 arrests (Cracow)Click to display the description, GeneralgouvernementClick to display the description, Ribbentrop‐MolotovClick to display the description, Pius XI's encyclicalsClick to display the description

date and place
of birth

23.11.1881

Sucha Beskidzkatoday: Sucha Beskidzka urban gm., Sucha Beskidzka pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.12.18]

alt. dates and places
of birth

Maków Podhalańskitoday: Maków Podhalański gm., Sucha Beskidzka pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]

religious vows

10.02.1902 (temporary)
16.03.1905 (permanent)

presbyter (holy orders)
ordination

29.07.1906 (Würzburgtoday: Würzburg urban dist., Lower Franconia reg., Bavaria state, Germany
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.08.05]
)

positions held

till 1941

friar — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ St Catherine of Alexandria the Virgin and Martyr monastery (7 Augustiańska Str.), Augustinians OSA

1938 – 1941

Provincial — Polish Province, Augustinians OSA

1937 – 1938

Deputy Provincial — Polish Province, Augustinians OSA

1920 – 1937

superior — Prokocimtoday: part of Bieżanów‐Prokocim XII District, Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ Our Lady of Good Councel monastery (2 Górników Str.), Augustinians OSA

1917 – 1920

friar — Prokocimtoday: part of Bieżanów‐Prokocim XII District, Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ Our Lady of Good Councel monastery (2 Górników Str.), Augustinians OSA

1917 – 1937

curatus/rector/expositus — Prokocimtoday: part of Bieżanów‐Prokocim XII District, Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ Our Lady of Good Councel RC chapel ⋄ Bieżanówtoday: part of XII Bieżanów‐Prokocim District in Kraków, Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.02.14]
, Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary RC parish ⋄ Wieliczkatoday: Wieliczka gm., Wieliczka pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
RC deanery — also: prefect of public school (1917‐1921)

1914 – 1920

chaplain — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ Hospital, Brothers Hospitallers OH — also: prefect of Augustinian Nuns people's school in Kraków (from c. 1914), Sigismund Krasiński's XXVIII People's School in Kraków (c. 1916)

1910 – 1917

friar — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ St Catherine of Alexandria the Virgin and Martyr monastery (7 Augustiańska Str.), Augustinians OSA

1908 – c. 1910

administrator — Górka Kościelnickatoday: part of Nowa Huta XVIII District, Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ All the Saints RC parish ⋄ Bolechowicetoday: Zabierzów gm., Kraków pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
RC deanery

1906 – 1908

friar — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ St Catherine of Alexandria the Virgin and Martyr monastery (7 Augustiańska Str.), Augustinians OSA

1907 – c. 1908

prefect — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ four‐class elementary school, connected with a four‐class faculty school, at the God's Love Nuns' convent, Pędzichów Str.

1906 – c. 1907

student — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ philosophy and theology, Theological Institute, Vincentians CM

1905 – 1906

student — Würzburgtoday: Würzburg urban dist., Lower Franconia reg., Bavaria state, Germany
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2022.08.05]
⋄ philosophy and theology, monastery (provincial), Augustinians OSA

1901 – 1905

friar — Krakówtoday: Kraków city pov., Lesser Poland voiv., Poland
more on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2021.06.07]
⋄ St Catherine of Alexandria the Virgin and Martyr monastery (7 Augustiańska Str.), Augustinians OSA

from 10.02.1901

friar — Augustinians OSA

others related
in death

GOCIEKClick to display biography Joseph, LIPKAClick to display biography Adalbert Stanislav (Bro. Casimir), OLSZEWSKIClick to display biography Adam (Fr Christopher), WILUCKIClick to display biography Thaddeus (Fr Edmund)

sites and events
descriptions

KL Auschwitz: German Germ. Konzentrationslager (Eng. concentration camp) KL and Germ. Vernichtungslager (Eng. extermination camp) VL Auschwitz was set up by Germans around 27.01.1940 n. Oświęcim, on the German territory (initially in Germ. Provinz Schlesien — Silesia Province; and from 1941 Germ. Provinz Oberschlesien — Upper Silesia Province). Initially mainly Poles were interned. From 1942 it became the centre for holocaust of European Jews. Part of the KL Auschwitz concentration camps’ complex was Germ. Vernichtungslager (Eng. extermination camp) VL Auschwitz II Birkenau, located not far away from the main camp. There Germans murder possibly in excess of million people, mainly Jews, in gas chambers. Altogether In excess of 400 priests and religious went through the KL Auschwitz, approx. 40% of which were murdered (mainly Poles). (more on: en.auschwitz.org.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2012.11.23]
, www.meczennicy.pelplin.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.07.06]
)

Regierungsbezirk Kattowitz: After the Polish defeat in the 09.1939 campaign, which was the result of the Ribbentrop‐Molotov Pact and constituted the first stage of World War II, and the beginning of German occupation in part of Poland (in the other, eastern part of Poland, the Russian occupation began), the Germans divided the occupied Polish territory into five main regions (and a few smaller). The largest one was transformed into Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), intended exclusively for Poles and Jews and constituting part of the so‐called Germ. Großdeutschland (Eng. Greater Germany). From two separate new provinces were created. The two remaining were incorporated into existing German provinces. One of those was Polish Upper Silesia, which on 08.09.1939, by decree of the German leader Adolf Hitler (formally came into force on 26.10.1939), was incorporated into Germany as the Germ. Regierungsbezirk Kattowitz (Eng. Katowice Regency) and became part of the Germ. Provinz Schlesien (Eng. Province of Silesia) based in Wrocław. On 01.04.1940, the Germ. Regierungsbezirk Kattowitz was enlarged by several pre‐war German counties, and on 18.01.1941, a new German province was created, the Germ. Provinz Oberschlesien (Eng. Province of Upper Silesia), which, apart from the Germ. Regierungsbezirk Kattowitz, also included the Opole region. From 26.10.1939, when the regency was established, the law of the German state was in force there, the same as in Berlin. The main axis of the policy of the new regency, the territory of which the Germans recognized as the Germ. „Ursprünglich Deutsche” (Eng. „natively German”), despite the fact only 6% of its pre–war Polish part were Germans, was Germ. „Entpolonisierung” (Eng. „Depolonisation”), i.e. forced Germanization. The main mechanism was the introduction of the Germ. Deutsche Volksliste DVL, a German nationality list that was supposed to specify the national affiliation of the inhabitants of the region. The largest group marked in the compulsory registrations was Group 3, people who identified themselves as „Silesians” (in 1943 about 41%), and people remaining outside the DVL (about 36%). The latter group was intended to be deported to the Germ. Generalgouvernement (which did not happen en masse because German industry needed slave labor). Group 3, considered by the Germans as capable of Germanization, was subject to certain legal restrictions, and was subject to, among others, to conscription into the German Wehrmacht army. Children could only learn in German. A policy of terror was pursued against the Polish population. There was a special police court, controlled by the Germ. Geheime Staatspolizei (Eng. Secret State Police), i.e. the Gestapo, before which c. 4,000‐5,000 people were detained. For the years 1942‐1945 over 2,000 of them were verified, of which 1,890 were sentenced to death, including 286 in public executions. Thousands of people were murdered during the so‐called «Intelligenzaktion Schlesien», including 300‐650 Polish teachers and c. 61 Polish Catholic priests. The regency hosted a German concentration and extermination camp KL Auschwitz, where the Germans imprisoned c. 1,100,000 Jews (murdering c.1,000,000, i.e. c. 90% of them) and c. 140,000 Poles (murdering c. 70,000, i.e. c. 50% of them). After the end of hostilities of World War II, the overseer of this province, the Germ. Reichsstatthalter (Eng. Reich Governor) and the Germ. Gauleiter (Eng. district head) of the German National Socialist Party, Fritz Brecht, committed suicide. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.06.24]
)

Cracow (Montelupich): Cracow penal prison, during occupation run by the Germans — from 28.02.1941 by Germ. Geheime Staatspolizei (Eng. Secret State Police, known as Gestapo. In 1940‐1944 Germans jailed there approx. 50,000 prisoners, mainly Poles and Jews. Some of them were transported to KL Auschwitz concentration camp, some were executed. After cease in war effort the prison was used by UB — a Polish unit of Russian NKVD — as a prison for Polish independence resistance fighters, some of which were subsequently sent to prisons and slave labour camps in Russia. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.10.31]
)

20.09.1941 arrests (Cracow): During the night of 19‐20.09.1941 German murderous political policy Gestapo entered Augustinian Congregation OSA monastery in Cracow‐Kazimierz, by St Catherine of Alexandria and St Margaret church. As part of continuing repressions against the Polish clergy, incriminating friars of storing leaflets of Polish resistance organizations (part of Polish Clandestine State) calling for resisting German occupation authorities — in particular authorities of the so‐called General Governorate — and of using „banned” receivers‐transmitters, i.e. radio, 7 friar fathers and 1 brother were arrested. All were initially jailed in Montelupich Str. prison in Cracow where were tortured during interrogations and then sent to German concentration camps. Five of them never returned. (more on: www.augustianie.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2016.03.14]
)

Generalgouvernement: After the Polish defeat in the 09.1939 campaign, which was the result of the Ribbentrop‐Molotov Pact and constituted the first stage of World War II, and the beginning of German occupation in part of Poland (in the other, eastern part of Poland, the Russian occupation began), the Germans divided the occupied Polish territory into five main regions. In two of them new German provinces were created, two other were incorporated into other provinces. However, the fifth part was treated separately, and in a political sense it was supposed to recreate the German idea from 1915 (during World War I, after the defeat of the Russians in the Battle of Gorlice in 05.1915) of creating a Polish enclave within Germany. Illegal in the sense of international law, i.e. Hague Convention, and public law, managed by the Germans according to separate laws — especially established for the Polish Germ. Untermenschen (Eng. subhumans) — till the Russian offensive in 1945 it constituted the Germ. Großdeutschland (Eng. Greater Germany). Till 31.07.1940 formally called Germ. Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete (Eng. General Government for the occupied Polish lands) — later simply Germ. Generalgouvernement (Eng. General Governorate), as in the years 1915‐1918. From 07.1941, i.e. after the German attack on 22.06.1941 against the erstwhile ally, the Russians, it also included the Galicia district, i.e. the Polish pre‐war south‐eastern voivodeships. A special criminal law was enacted and applied to Poles and Jews, allowing for the arbitrary administration of the death penalty regardless of the age of the „perpetrator”, and sanctioning the use of collective responsibility. After the end of the military conflict of the World War UU, the government of the Germ. Generalgouvernement was recognized as a criminal organization, and its leader, governor Hans Frank, guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity and executed. (more on: pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.12.04]
)

Ribbentrop‐Molotov: Genocidal Russian‐German alliance pact between Russian leader Joseph Stalin and German leader Adolf Hitler signed on 23.08.1939 in Moscow by respective foreign ministers, Mr. Vyacheslav Molotov for Russia and Joachim von Ribbentrop for Germany. The pact sanctioned and was the direct cause of joint Russian and German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the World War II in 09.1939. In a political sense, the pact was an attempt to restore the status quo ante before 1914, with one exception, namely the „commercial” exchange of the so‐called „Kingdom of Poland”, which in 1914 was part of the Russian Empire, fore Eastern Galicia (today's western Ukraine), in 1914 belonging to the Austro‐Hungarian Empire. Galicia, including Lviv, was to be taken over by the Russians, the „Kingdom of Poland” — under the name of the General Governorate — Germany. The resultant „war was one of the greatest calamities and dramas of humanity in history, for two atheistic and anti‐Christian ideologies — national and international socialism — rejected God and His fifth Decalogue commandment: Thou shall not kill!” (Abp Stanislav Gądecki, 01.09.2019). The decisions taken — backed up by the betrayal of the formal allies of Poland, France and Germany, which on 12.09.1939, at a joint conference in Abbeville, decided not to provide aid to attacked Poland and not to take military action against Germany (a clear breach of treaty obligations with Poland) — were on 28.09.1939 slightly altered and made more precise when a treaty on „German‐Russian boundaries and friendship” was agreed by the same murderous signatories. One of its findings was establishment of spheres of influence in Central and Eastern Europe and in consequence IV partition of Poland. In one of its secret annexes agreed, that: „the Signatories will not tolerate on its respective territories any Polish propaganda that affects the territory of the other Side. On their respective territories they will suppress all such propaganda and inform each other of the measures taken to accomplish it”. The agreements resulted in a series of meeting between two genocidal organization representing both sides — German Gestapo and Russian NKVD when coordination of efforts to exterminate Polish intelligentsia and Polish leading classes (in Germany called «Intelligenzaktion», in Russia took the form of Katyń massacres) where discussed. Resulted in deaths of hundreds of thousands of Polish intelligentsia, including thousands of priests presented here, and tens of millions of ordinary people,. The results of this Russian‐German pact lasted till 1989 and are still in evidence even today. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2015.09.30]
)

Pius XI's encyclicals: Facing the creation of two totalitarian systems in Europe, which seemed to compete with each other, though there were more similarities than contradictions between them, Pope Pius XI issued in 03.1937 (within 5 days) two encyclicals. In the „Mit brennender Sorge” (Eng. „With Burning Concern”) published on 14.03.1938, condemned the national socialism prevailing in Germany. The Pope wrote: „Whoever, following the old Germanic‐pre‐Christian beliefs, puts various impersonal fate in the place of a personal God, denies the wisdom of God and Providence […], whoever exalts earthly values: race or nation, or state, or state system, representatives of state power or other fundamental values of human society, […] and makes them the highest standard of all values, including religious ones, and idolizes them, this one […] is far from true faith in God and from a worldview corresponding to such faith”. On 19.03.1937, published „Divini Redemptoris” (Eng. „Divine Redeemer”), in which criticized Russian communism, dialectical materialism and the class struggle theory. The Pope wrote: „Communism deprives man of freedom, and therefore the spiritual basis of all life norms. It deprives the human person of all his dignity and any moral support with which he could resist the onslaught of blind passions […] This is the new gospel that Bolshevik and godless communism preaches as a message of salvation and redemption of humanity”… Pius XI demanded that the established human law be subjected to the natural law of God , recommended the implementation of the ideal of a Christian state and society, and called on Catholics to resist. Two years later, National Socialist Germany and Communist Russia came together and started World War II. (more on: www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
, www.vatican.vaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2023.05.28]
)

sources

personal:
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[access: 2013.05.19]
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[access: 2013.10.05]

bibliographical:
Martyrology of the Polish Roman Catholic clergy under nazi occupation in 1939‐1945”, Victor Jacewicz, John Woś, vol. I‐V, Warsaw Theological Academy, 1977‐1981
Fr Peter Lamprecht, OSA, private correspondence, 18.05.2019
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[access: 2022.08.20]
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