beatification date

27.06.2001more on
www.swzygmunt.knc.pl
[access: 2013.05.19]

the RC Pope John Paul IImore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2014.09.21]

function

nun

creed

Ukrainian Greek Catholic GCmore on
en.wikipedia.org
[access: 2013.05.19]

congregation

Congregation of the Sisters of st Joseph Blessed Virgin Mary's Bridgroom (Greek–Catholic rite) CSSJmore on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2015.03.01]
(i.e. Unites' St Joseph Sisters)

nationality

Ukrainian

date and place
of death

28.01.1952

Kharskvillage
today: non‐existent, Molchanovo reg., Tomsk oblast, Russia
more on
ru.wikipedia.org
[access: 2024.04.11]

details of death

cause of death

extermination

perpetrators

Russians

sites and events

Deportations to SiberiaClick to display the description, ITL SibLagClick to display the description, GulagClick to display the description

date and place
of birth

10.05.1903

Tseblivtoday: Belz urban hrom., Chervonohrad rai., Lviv obl., Ukraine
more on
uk.wikipedia.org
[access: 2023.03.02]

positions held

biography (own resources)

Click to read biography details from our resources

others related
in death

HARASYMIWClick to display biography Leocadia (Sr Laurence)

sites and events
descriptions

Deportations to Siberia: In 1939‐1941 Russians deported — in four large groups in: 10.02.1940, 13‐14.04.1940, 05‐07.1940, 05‐06.1941 — up to 1 mln of Polish citizens from Russian occupied Poland to Siberia leaving them without any support at the place of exile. Thousands of them perished or never returned. The deportations east, deep into Russia, to Siberia resumed after 1944 when Russians took over Poland. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.09.21])

ITL SibLag: Russian Rus. Исправи́тельно‐Трудово́й Ла́герь (Eng. Corrective Labor Camp) ITL Rus. Сибирский (Eng. Siberian) — concentration and slave forced labor camp (within the Gulag complex) — headquartered in Mariinsk in Kemerovo Oblast, where a central camp for invalids was also operational (moved twice to Novosibirsk, c. 350 km away). Founded in 1929. One of the largest — initially spread over large area from Omsk to Krasnoiarsk, as a matter of fact whole Western Siberian Plain, next subdivided and limited to Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo oblasts. Up to 80,000 inmates were held in SibLag: e.g. 78,838 (01.01.1938); 77,919 (01.01.1942); 70,370 (01.04.1942). Prisoners slaved at railroad construction, forestry, carpentry and in coal mines, and other industrial branches (brick, clothing, leather and fur factories and plants). Closed down in c. 1960. (more on: tspace.library.utoronto.caClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2018.09.02], www.gulagmuseum.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2014.05.09])

Gulag: The acronym Gulag comes from the Rus. Главное управление исправительно‐трудовых лагерей и колоний (Eng. Main Board of Correctional Labor Camps). The network of Russian concentration camps for slave labor was formally established by the decision of the highest Russian authorities on 27.06.1929. Control was taken over by the OGPU, the predecessor of the genocidal NKVD (from 1934) and the MGB (from 1946). Individual gulags (camps) were often established in remote, sparsely populated areas, where industrial or transport facilities important for the Russian state were built. They were modeled on the first „great construction of communism”, the White Sea‐Baltic Canal (1931‐1932), and Naftali Frenkel, of Jewish origin, is considered the creator of the system of using forced slave labor within the Gulag. He went down in history as the author of the principle „We have to squeeze everything out of the prisoner in the first three months — then nothing is there for us”. He was to be the creator, according to Alexander Solzhenitsyn, of the so‐called „Boiler system”, i.e. the dependence of food rations on working out a certain percentage of the norm. The term ZEK — prisoner — i.e. Rus. заключенный‐каналоармец (Eng. canal soldier) — was coined in the ITL BelBaltLag managed by him, and was adopted to mean a prisoner in Russian slave labor camps. Up to 12 mln prisoners were held in Gulag camps at one time, i.e. c. 5% of Russia's population. In his book „The Gulag Archipelago”, Solzhenitsyn estimated that c. 60 mln people were killed in the Gulag until 1956. Formally dissolved on 20.01.1960. (more on: en.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2024.04.08])

sources

personal:
pl.wikipedia.orgClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2013.05.19], www.gulag-museum.org.uaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19]
original images:
www.gulag-museum.org.uaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], www.facebook.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.12.07], www.facebook.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.12.07], catholicencyclopedia.in.uaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.12.07], www.youtube.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], www.youtube.comClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2021.12.19], ugccsm.org.uaClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.12.07], www.cerkiew.net.plClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.12.07], catholic.tomsk.ruClick to attempt to display webpage
[access: 2019.12.07]