Roman Catholic parish
St Sigismund
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese
Poland
GENOCIDE perpetrated by UKRAINIANS on POLES
Data for 1943–1947
Site
II Republic of Poland
Dobra Rustykalna
Sanok pov., Lwów voiv.
contemporary
Sanok cou., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
Murders
Perpetrators:
Poles
Victims:
Ukrainians
Number of victims:
min.:
4
max.:
29
Perpetrators:
Ukrainians
Victims:
Poles
Number of victims:
min.:
10
max.:
10
Perpetrators:
Poles
Victims:
Poles and Ukrainians
Number of victims:
min.:
0
max.:
6
events (incidents)
ref. no:
11823
date:
1944–1946
site
description
general info
1992, Jarzeń — Polish translation of Iwan Demkowicz–Dobriański's account of the murders of Ukrainians in Dobra:
„In 1946, when the front was approaching the San river, Ukrainians and Poles until the age of 20had to join the Polish Army. In order to avoid the war, especially in the Carpathians, Poles joined the [reserves of the militia] ORMO and the Citizens' Militia MO saying: «May the Russians conquer Poland themselves». Hearing that the Poles did not want to join the army, the Ukrainians began to flee. The Poles, however, carried out manhunts and sent those caught to the front. During the third raid they shot Josyp Krajnyk. He was 45 at the time. Soon the same fate befell his 35‑year‑old brother Mykola”.
[The account is very imprecise. The front passed in 1944, the ORMO and the Civic Militia were not there yet. Poles could not send anyone to the front. It was the Germans who attempted to draft Poles into military organisations. GTRKK]
source: „Sanok litany”; in: Siwicki M., „The history of Polish-Ukrainian conflicts ”, in: Warszawa 1994, vol. III, p. 326—327
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
2
min. 2
max. 2
ref. no:
11828
date:
1944–1946
site
description
general info
Dobra Rustykalna
Excerpt from Julija Szyszko's memoirs about the murder of Ukrainians in Wola Krecowska by soldiers of the Polish Army:
„The army was still attacking and shooting. In […] the Dobrzański hamlet, Symowica [Siemowica, GTKRK] murdered several, and one they chained to a horse and dragged after the horse, and finally tortured”.
source: „Spohad Juliji Szyszko (diwocze prizwyszcze Gbur) narodżenoji w Woli Kreciwskij”; in: Huk Bogdan (ed,), „1947 Propamiatna Knyha”, in: Warszawa 1997, p. 89
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
1 family
min. 4
max. 6
ref. no:
11826
date:
1944.12
site
description
general info
1992, Jarzeń — Polish translation of Iwan Demkowicz–Dobriański's account of the murders of Ukrainians in Dobra:
„In December 1944, a Polish gang from Borownica went through the forest to Dobra. There were several huts near the forest. From one of them they took Mykoła Demkowycz (born in 1921), Andrij Hyńek (20 years old), Stepan Dziurdziewicz (35 years old) and his brother Mychjło (45 years old). They led them into the forest, ordered them to lie down on the ground and threw a grenade between them. Mykhailo Dziurdziewicz was torn apart, his brother's legs were shattered, Hyńko was injured in the arm, and Demkowycz was injured in the leg”.
source: „Sanok litany”; in: Siwicki M., „The history of Polish-Ukrainian conflicts ”, in: Warszawa 1994, vol. III, p. 326—327
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
11824
date:
1945.03
site
description
general info
1992, Jarzeń — Polish translation of Iwan Demkowicz–Dobriański's account of the murders of Ukrainians in Dobra:
„In March 1945, during a Polish gang attack, three hosts were taken: Mykola Demkowycz (35), Szymek Tyrawski (65‑year‑old war invalid). from 1915) and Iwana Tech (aged 35). All three were shot and thrown into the water during the ferry crossing across the San from Tyrawa Solna to Mrzygłód. Nobody knew what happened then. The next day, Tyrawski's wife went to the militia in Mrzygłód. A Polish gang quartered there. She was told no one from the Dobrian was here and to go home. When she was returning to Tyrawa by ferry, she saw how the bandits were throwing an old woman into the river and drowning her. After a few days, the water threw her body on the shore near Ulucz. People conveyed the message to Dobra. Stefan's son recognized his mother by clothes.
Shortly after this accident, two civilian bandits caught a woman who was returning home from Tyrawa. It was 50‑year‑old Magda Czomko. They took off its clothes, strangled it and threw it into the San. No one found her body”.
source: „Sanok litany”; in: Siwicki M., „The history of Polish-Ukrainian conflicts ”, in: Warszawa 1994, vol. III, p. 326—327
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
5
min. 5
max. 5
ref. no:
11819
date:
1945.04
site
description
general info
Excerpt from the protocol of Justyna Gisiewicz's interrogation on April 30, 1945 by the SB‑OUN clerk about the murders of milita MO members from Sanok on 5 Ukrainians from Dobra:
„I reported to the police in Sanok on the following Ukrainians from the village of Dobra: Tyrański Semen and Tyrańska Anna, Demkowycz Andriy, Demkovych Mykola, Uhryn Ivan. They were arrested by the militia from Sanok and disappeared on the way”.
source: Institute of National Remembrance IPN, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, Cop. VII b (287), sh. 99
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
5
min. 5
max. 5
ref. no:
09911
date:
1945.05.01
site
description
general info
Dobra Rustykalna
The local Bandera followers murdered 10 Poles, including the Karczyński family of 4, and hanged 3 women and a man. „On May 1, 1945, Józef Niesiewicz, his wife, gamekeeper, was hanged during a mass murder by the UPA”.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – May 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Orłowski Edward, „Foresters who died during the war and persecution in 1938-1949 in Eastern Lesser Poland and the post-war Rzeszów region”; in: Regional Directorate of State Forests in Krosno — web page: www.krosno.lasy.gov.pl [accessible: 2021.01.29]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
10
min. 10
max. 10
ref. no:
11825
date:
1945.06
site
description
general info
1992, Jarzeń — Polish translation of Iwan Demkowicz–Dobriański's account of the murders of Ukrainians in Dobra:
„During a raid conducted by the Polish Army in June 1945, the following were shot: Iwan Kowalski (35) from the Diło colony, Mychajło Buczyński (35 lat) and Josyf Soroka from Siemuszowa, married in Dobra, got a bullet in the back”.
source: „Sanok litany”; in: Siwicki M., „The history of Polish-Ukrainian conflicts ”, in: Warszawa 1994, vol. III, p. 326—327
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
3
min. 3
max. 3
ref. no:
12030
date:
1945.08.19–1945.08.21
site
description
general info
October 25, 1945, typescript — Excerpt from the communiqué of the National Leadership of the Zakerzonya Region from August–September 1945:
„On August 19, 20 and 21 [1945], Polish army units terrorized and robbed the villages of Lachawa and Dobra. They beat people, even completely old 70‑year‑old women, small children, completely destroyed 4 houses, raped 6 girls, killed 2 farmers”.
source: „Informacija pro polśko-ukrajinśke protystojannia na Peremyszczyni”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 892, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
2
min. 2
max. 2
ref. no:
11820
date:
1946.01.06
site
description
general info
Excerpt from the situational report of the 'T' clerk from the OUN district 'Chłodny Jar' about the murder by the Polish Army soldiers and MO members on Ukrainians in Dobra:
„On January 6, 1946, at 7 a.m., the Polish Army together with the Citizens' Militia from Bircza attacked Dobra […] The incoming Poles (the spearhead) were fired on by a machine gun fire from the 'Jara' unit stationed at that time in the Dobra's hamlet 'Za Magura'. In the face of overwhelming enemy forces, sotnya withdrew to the forest, killing 3 Polish riders during the retreat and capturing one horse with a saddle. After entering the village, Poles robbed 18 houses and then burned them. They took cattle, Christmas pastries and everything else from the village. Only the old people remained in the village, because the younger ones fled into the forest in advance. The three remaining Ukrainians in the village were shot: Wasyl Nisewycz, 42, Wasyl Popil, 34, and a third”.
source: „Wisti z terenu [za styczeń 1946]”; in: Poticzny P. J., Łyko I. (ed,), „Litopys UPA”, in: Toronto-Lviv 2002, vol. 34: „Lemkivshchyna and Peremyszczyna. Political reports (Documents)”, p. 451, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Poles and Ukrainians
number of
textually:
6
min. 6
max. 6
ref. no:
11821
date:
1946.05.22
site
description
general info
Excerpt from the situational report of the political clerk of the OUN district 'Chłodny Jar', Petr Kawuza 'Ruslan' about the murder by a Polish Army officer on Ukrainians in Dobra:
„On May 21, 1946, at 6 a.m., the Polish Army numbering 120 people came to the village of Dobra for deportation people. A Soviet captain also arrived and immediately joined the village administrator. He asked where his sons were (escaped), then shot his wife with a gun, then him. The village administrator and his wife were Ukrainians”.
source: „Wisti z terenu [za maj 1946]”; in: Poticzny P. J., Łyko I. (ed,), „Litopys UPA”, in: Toronto-Lviv 2002, vol. 34: „Lemkivshchyna and Peremyszczyna. Political reports (Documents)”, p. 502, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
2
min. 2
max. 2
ref. no:
11827
date:
1946.07.09
site
description
general info
Excerpt from the situational report of the political clerk of the OUN 'Chłodny Jar' district, Petr Kawuza 'Ruslan', on the murder by the Polish Army soldiers in Dobra (Ulucz?):
„On July 9, 1946, the Polish Army in the number of 200 people came from Sanok to the San side, splitting into two groups. One went to Dobra and the other to Ulucz. The population began to flee to the forest. The army opened fire with machine guns on the fleeing people, killing two people: Mychajła Zacharka, 69 (Pole) and Kateryna Kubczyk, 65 (Ukrainian)”.
source: „Wisti z terenu [za lipiec 1946]”; in: Poticzny P. J., Łyko I. (ed,), „Litopys UPA”, in: Toronto-Lviv 2002, vol. 34: „Lemkivshchyna and Peremyszczyna. Political reports (Documents)”, p. 512, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
2
min. 2
max. 2
ref. no:
11822
date:
1946.09.14
site
description
general info
Fragment of a field report by the SB‑OUN clerk of the 'Chłodny Jar' district, Vasyl Capiak 'Potap', about the murder by Polish Army soldiers on a Ukrainian, Mykola Uhryna in Dobra:
„On September 14, 1946 […] the Polish Army arrived in the village of Dobra, where in a hamlet they shot a boy Uhryna Mykoła, Ukrainian, born on in 1929. Then they burned down his house and left […]
Stopover, 19 October 1946 'Potap'”.
source: „Wisti z terenu za misiać wereseń 1946 roku”; in: Institute of National Remembrance IPN Rzeszów, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, vol. 26, sh. 55
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
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