Roman Catholic parish
St Sigismund
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese
Poland
GENOCIDE perpetrated by UKRAINIANS on POLES
Data for 1943–1947
Site
II Republic of Poland
Dobra
Jarosław pov., Lwów voiv.
contemporary
Przeworsk cou., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
Murders
Perpetrators:
Ukrainians
Victims:
Poles
Number of victims:
min.:
41
max.:
41
Perpetrators:
Poles
Victims:
Ukrainians
Number of victims:
min.:
133
max.:
135
Perpetrators:
Poles
Victims:
Poles and Ukrainians
Number of victims:
min.:
5
max.:
5
events (incidents)
ref. no:
11405
date:
1945–1946
site
description
general info
Dobra
The UPA murdered 11 Poles.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – December 1946 and in 1946”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2022.02.28]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
11
min. 11
max. 11
ref. no:
10687
date:
1945
site
description
general info
Dobra
At the end of 1945, they murdered 14 Poles.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – December 1945 and 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
14
min. 14
max. 14
ref. no:
11809
date:
1945.02.22
site
description
general info
Dobra
May (?) 1946, [typescript] — Excerpt from a report by Michał Borys 'Żan', a political clerk from the 2nd District of the Zakerzonya Region, about the murders of Ukrainians in the village of Dobra:
„On February 22, 1945, a Polish gang of 25 people murdered the following at night people who were robbed by:
Dublanica Bohdan — 35 years old, (judge [teacher — BH]), robbed clothes and a gold watch;
Duda Iwan — 52 years old, robbed clothes;
Zawada Stepan — 49 years old;
Żuk Iwan — 25 years old, robbed clothes;
Wasyl Żuk — 30 years old, robbed clothes and shoes;
Kwaśniowski Stepan — 30 years old, robbed clothes and one pig;
Fełewycz Ołeksa — 50, judge from Sieniawa, robbed”.
source: „Informacija pro ukrajinśki seła ta ich meszkanciw, szczo postradały w rezultati polśkych napadiw na terenach Jarosławszczyny ta Lubacziwszczyny protiahom 1945”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 956, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
7
min. 7
max. 7
ref. no:
11807
date:
1945.03
site
description
general info
Dobra
Fragment of the interrogation report of Jan Toth about the murder of 7 Ukrainians in Dobra by the NZW unit under his command:
„In March 1945, on the basis of an interview given to me by the police, I went with my group to Dobra, where we shot 7 people, and this is: a teacher, a judge, a village administrator and four other people whose surnames I do not remember. They were shot in their homes and during that time we robbed 8 horses, 5 wagons and we robbed some food and clothes”.
source: „26 VII 1947”; in: Institute of National Remembrance IPN Rzeszów, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 107/703, vol. I, sh. 24
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
7
min. 7
max. 7
ref. no:
11806
date:
1945.04
site
description
general info
Dobra
Excerpt from the report of interrogation of Józef Karakuła from Dobra on May 6, 1946 by an employee of the Security Service of the OUN about the murders of Poles from the village of Czerce on […] Ukrainians from Dobra:
„In 1945, a week after Easter, we moved to Sieniawa, Jarosław County. About a month later I saw Chodań Władek, the son of the village leader of Czerce and Chodań Jan from Czerc, both Poles and 4 more men I did not know, who caught Caplan Marija, a Ukrainian woman from the village of Dobra, who was returning from work in Germany. She was carrying a large package on her back, a briefcase and an umbrella. They caught her on the road from Sieniawa to Dobra. They took these things from her and led her to a brick factory in the direction of the San River near the forest. Nobody saw her again. I don't know what they did with her. Chodań Władek told me that he was going to burn the Ukrainian village of Dobra with others”.
source: Institute of National Remembrance IPN, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, Cop. VII b (167), sh. 95
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
09708
date:
1945.04.03
site
description
general info
Dobra
The local Ukrainians and the neighboring villages murdered 7 Poles, including 2 women.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – April 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: „In the Outlands”, in: No. 32/1998
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
7
min. 7
max. 7
ref. no:
09726
date:
1945.04.06
site
description
general info
Dobra
Jan Ożga, a policeman, was murdered by the UPA.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – April 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
11808
date:
1945.05
site
description
general info
Dobra
Dobra — the hamlet of Twarde:
Fragment of the report „Wisti z terenu” from District II of the Zakerzonya Region for May 1 — June 5, 1945 […]
„May 80 bandits from Sieniawa robbed the hamlet of Twarde. The SKW [Ukrainian 'selfdefense' – GTKRK] chased them away with shots […] The bandits, while escaping, took 1 woman and a child with them, and the next day they murdered them […]
On May 16, at night, a Polish gang attacked the village of Dyniska and murdered a 60‑year‑old man”.
source: „Informacija pro antyukrajinśki akciji na Hrubesziwszczyni w trawni-kwitni 1945”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 870, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
2
min. 2
max. 2
ref. no:
11811
date:
1945.06.02
site
description
general info
Dobra
May (?) 1946, [typescript] — Excerpt from a report by Michał Borys 'Żan', a political clerk for the 2nd District of the Zakerzonya Region, about the murders of Ukrainians in the village of Dobra:
„On June 2, 1945, Polish bandits murdered such people:
Duda Ivan — years of life 70;
Dyky Ivan — 39;
Shaleva Ivan — 24;
Wyhinny Ivan — 49;
Kudłak Fed'ko — 71;
Kwik Hryhorij — 28;
Kwik Ołek — 24;
Hrycko — 37;
Fedor Oleh — 36”.
source: „Informacija pro ukrajinśki seła ta ich meszkanciw, szczo postradały w rezultati polśkych napadiw na terenach Jarosławszczyny ta Lubacziwszczyny protiahom 1945”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 956, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
9
min. 9
max. 9
ref. no:
10056
date:
1945.06.05
site
description
general info
Dobra
The Ukrainians murdered Anna Nakonieczna, b. May 18, 1927.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – June 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: btx.home.pl [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
11812
date:
1945.06.17
site
description
general info
Dobra
May (?) 1946, [typescript] — Excerpt from a report by Michał Borys 'Żan', a political clerk for the 2nd District of the Zakerzonya Region, about the murders of Ukrainians in the village of Dobra:
„On June 17, 1945, MO to a company with a gang in the amount of 150 people broke into the village, where she burned down 270 farms and murdered 22 people:
Wesiak Ahafija — 49 years old;
Wesiak Ołeh — 58;
Łejt Mykhailo — 52;
Łejnat Iwan — 62;
Duda Andrij — 52;
Żuk Ołeh — 37;
Klemko Mykhailo — 54;
Kozar Iwan — 60;
Koziak Marija — 60;
Kokoszka Iwan — 38;
Kudłak Mykoła — 60;
Łepih Paraskewija — 73;
Mic Anna — 63;
Nekyruj Marija — 76;
Piatko Lateryna — 650;
Swynar Kateryna — 75;
Semen Kateryna — 70;
Chodań Wasyl — 45;
Chodań Pańko — 80;
Szul Dmytro — 40;
Szul Kateryna — 40;
Szul Mychajło — 2.
During the attack, Polish bandits demolished the church, taking from it 25,000 in cash and other c Other church items. They shot paintings in churches, torn banners and tablecloths, throwing them at their feet, and then trampled on them. They also burned the sacristy”.
source: „Informacija pro ukrajinśki seła ta ich meszkanciw, szczo postradały w rezultati polśkych napadiw na terenach Jarosławszczyny ta Lubacziwszczyny protiahom 1945”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 956, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
22
min. 22
max. 22
ref. no:
11813
date:
1945.06.20
site
description
general info
Dobra
May (?) 1946, [typescript] — Excerpt from a report by Michał Borys 'Żan', a political clerk from the 2nd District of the Zakerzonya Region, about the murders of Ukrainians in the village of Dobra:
„On June 20, 1945, a Polish gang murdered people:
Partyka Mychajło — years of life 30;
Partyka Iwan — 25;
Jarosz Andrij — 27;
Mic Ołeksa — 27;
Fesiak Ołeksa — 52;
Fesiak Hasia — 43;
Paluch Marija — 35;
Żuk Anna — 29;
Żuk Marija — 27;
Tarasko Mykhailo — 62;
Tarasko Anastazija — 68;
Wyhinny Dmytro — 48;
Stańko Theodor — 32;
Zilinka Antin — 17;
Parczak Wasyk — 46;
Hołoweńczak Iwan — 21;
Nyzak Iwan — 28”.
source: „Informacija pro ukrajinśki seła ta ich meszkanciw, szczo postradały w rezultati polśkych napadiw na terenach Jarosławszczyny ta Lubacziwszczyny protiahom 1945”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 956, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
17
min. 17
max. 17
ref. no:
10164
date:
1945.07.13
site
description
general info
Dobra
Jan Pyzak was murdered by the UPA.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – July 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
11814
date:
1945.09.21
site
description
general info
Dobra
May (?) 1946, [typescript] — Excerpt from a report by Michał Borys 'Żan', a political clerk for the 2nd District of the Zakerzonya Region, about the murders of Ukrainians in the village of Dobra:
„On September 21, 1945, a gang of about 45 people, robbing the villagers, shot:
Wus Marija — 60 years old;
Hołoweńczak AnnA — 37;
Hołoweńczak Ilko — 76;
Hołoweńczak Marija — 9;
Hołoweńczak Marija — 63;
Hołoweńczak Mychajło — 8;
Łyka Anna — 30;
Łyka Marija — 60;
Kwaśniowska Kateryna — 40;
Kwaśniowski Andrij — 8;
Kozar Anastaziaj — 22;
Kominko Dmytro — 61;
Kopaneć Anastazija — 50;
Kopaneć Jefrozynija — 13;
Kopaneć Mychajło — 62;
Kril Anastazija — 37;
Kril Anna — 70;
Kril Anna — 8;
Kril Stepan — 7;
Kudłak Fedir — 52;
Łychowycz Dmytro — 63;
Mic Karteryna — 37;
Nowak Anastazija — 50;
Pałuh Kateryna — 1 ½;
Tarasko Anna — 50;
Tarasko Petro — 65;
Fedor Anna — 57;
Fedor Julija — 15”.
source: „Informacija pro ukrajinśki seła ta ich meszkanciw, szczo postradały w rezultati polśkych napadiw na terenach Jarosławszczyny ta Lubacziwszczyny protiahom 1945”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 956, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
28
min. 28
max. 28
ref. no:
11429
date:
1946
site
description
general info
Dobra
[Ukrainians] kidnapped and murdered 3 Poles, including 2 women.
source: „Information Bulletin of the Institute of National Remembrance”, in: 065/9/1
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – December 1946 and in 1946”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2022.02.28]
Two Polish Army soldiers were murdered in the UPA ambush: Cpl. Stanisław Mądry, b. 13.08.1925, and Cpl. Władysław Poręba, b. 1925.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – December 1946 and in 1946”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2022.02.28]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
3
min. 3
max. 3
ref. no:
11805
date:
1946.01.19
site
description
general info
Dobra
Excerpt from the report of interrogation of an unknown gang member by an employee of the SB‑OUN about the murder of a NZW unit under the command of Józef Stolierski "Wołyniak" on Ukrainians in Dobra:
„On January 19, 1946, on the Jordan festival, 'Wołyniak' with his group of 50 people attacked to the village of Dobra, Jarosław County, where he murdered 32 people — Ukrainians, inhabitants of the village. My brother Piotr and Jak Król, both from the hamlet of the village of Dobra Twarde, participated in this action. During the operation, the people of 'Wołyniak' shot at every Ukrainian indicated by the field officials. They hanged Petra Czura on a cross (on a grave in honor of the fallen heroes). It was hanged on a barbed wire. When the hanged man died, the cross with him was fucked by them”.
source: Institute of National Remembrance IPN, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, Cop. VII b (614), sh. 92
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
1946 February 28, typescript — Fragment of a detailed report by 'Croat' on the situation in the area of the Dobrzański Kuszcza for the period from 15 to 30 January 1946:
„On January 19 [to the village of Dobra — BH] a gang came from the village of Wylewa, because they were staying there. They were armed with 5 machine guns, the rest with pepeshe and rifles. Dressed differently, some in Polish uniforms, the rest in civilian uniforms.
The murdered were:
1. Petro Paraska, 65 (and hanged on the grave),
2. Mychajło Kopaneć, 60.
3. Ilko Hołowenczak, 72,
4. Jurij Łychowid aged 63,
5. Fed'ko Kudłak aged 52,
6. Iwan Kominko aged 63,
7. Anna Paraska aged 50,
8. Anastazja Kopaneć aged 40,
9. Kateryna Kwaśniowska aged 40,
10. Anna Żuk aged 50,
11. Marija Żuk aged 30,
12. Marija Dyka aged 61,
13. Anna Kril aged 70,
14. Anastazija Kril aged 37,
15. Anna Hołoweńczak aged 33,
16. Marija Pałuch aged 61,
17. Marija Wus aged 65,
18. Anna Fedir aged 55,
19. Anastazija Nowak aged 52,
20. Anastazija Kuzior aged 27,
21. Rozalija Kopyneć aged 13,
22. Andrij Kwaśniowski aged 8,
23. Anna Kril years 8,
24. Marija Hołowenczak years 11
25. Mychajło Hołowenczak years 7,
26. Julija Fedir years 1,
27. K ateryna Pałuch, 24 years old,
28. Marija Pałuch.
During the attack, they said that we would give you Ukraine and they shot. They left via Kowale to Krasne”.
source: „Comrade Leader!”, 28 II 1946; in: Institute of National Remembrance IPN Rzeszów, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, vol. 48, sh. 17
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
1946 January 21, Sieniawa — Fragment of the notification of the Commune Office in Sieniawa to the poviat starosty in Jarosław about the murder of the inhabitants of Dobra village:
„The commune board reports that […] on January 19, 1946, an unknown unit attacked the Dobra cluster of as a result of which about 30 people of Ukrainian nationality were shot. It should be assumed that it was a retaliation for the Ukrainian attacks”.
source: „Situation Report No. 14 for the period from March 27 to April 7, 1945”; in: „Reports on the activity of PUBP in Jarosław for the years 1944—1946”, Institute of National Remembrance IPN Rzeszów, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 04/144, sh. 33
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
Excerpt from Kateryna Nowak's memoirs about the murder of Ukrainians in Dobra:
„In 1946, on the feast of the Epiphany, on January 19, in the afternoon, when people returned from the church, a Polish gang burst into the village. The bandits scattered across the village. One of them came to our house, where two families lived, to the window. We did not live in our own house anymore, because our house was burnt down when the Poles burnt Dobra in 1945, and in a neighbor who was displaced to Ukraine in 1945. The bandit went to the kitchen window, his face was masked. There was the Kril family in the kitchen, we were sitting in the other room. The bandit started shooting all Krils through the window. He shot 4 people, including two children, one was 2, the other was 11, their mother and grandmother, and an 8‑year‑old child injured his leg. It survived because its mother fell on it after she was shot. The boy who hid on the stove is alive. Their father hid somewhere in the yard, then left with the boy for Ukraine. Then the bandit came to the room where we were all sitting, and they were me, mom and grandpa. The bandit first shot my mother straight in the head. Mom's head flew away and broke into small pieces (then we collected this head for a handkerchief). Mom fell on top of me, I was still alive. The bandit shot me in the head, the bullet entered my ear and exited through the back of the head. I fell to the ground, dead. After me, the bandit shot my 5‑year‑old brother, 10‑year‑old sister and grandpa who was over 75 years old. After returning from the forest, dad started screaming that his whole family had been murdered. The scream made me conscious and I spoke up from under my mother. Dad pulled me out. The next day I was taken to Ścieżki to the Stańko family, a UPA doctor with the pseudonym 'Sływek' came to my treatment”.
source: „Pereżyły własnu smert’”, Spohad Kateryny Nowak (diwocze prizwyszcze Hołowenczak), narodżenoji w seli Dobrij Jarosławśkoho powitu; in: „Our Word”, in: No. 31, 1996, p. 3, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
Interview with Katarzyna Samojlik (maiden name Kogut), b. in 1929 in Dobra:
„— «Some Pole [in Dobra] was killed by Ukrainians?»
— «From what I remember, no Pole was murdered by Ukrainians in our country. No. And then, as they used to say, ‹UPA gang›»…
— «How did it start?»
— «Poles attacked when they came from Volhynia, because they said that the Ukrainians were murdering them there, and they came here and murdered us. It was a tragedy after all. A man would jump on his feet out of fear, as soon as a shot was fired somewhere, it was a tragedy, it is indescribable what happened with us. We always ran away for the night. First, they only murdered people, took cows and whatever they could, whatever was…
I will tell you what it was like at the Jordan festival. What year was it? In the forty–sixth. On Ścieżki Street, from where Poles resettled to Ukraine after the war, but my mother stayed somehow and the Ukrainians left, little was left. My grandmother went to live with my aunt who lived there, she was a little richer. Grandma went there so that someone would not destroy the house and we stayed at our place. And it was on Jordan, because it was said that the Poles were about to attack Jordan. My mother prepared me underwear and a gift that I was supposed to take for my grandmother. I'm going. And for the Germans a grave was erected, some kind of sign… I'm going, I passed the church, I'm near the cemetery, you have to take a turn»…
— «Where did the tombstone stand?»
— «As you come from Sieniawa, there is a school, and here to Dobra, here as if on such a corner. And I am going, and nobody spoke Polish. Frost. And suddenly I hear someone shouting: ‹giddy–up!›. Nobody spoke Polish here, and it was they who hung one man on this grave on a barbed wire. They hanged him and rode, shouting at the horses, ‹giddy–up!›. I heard ‹giddy–up!› and I started running away, although panic was not allowed in the village. One of the neighbors left, but he didn't ask: ‹Kasiu, why are you running like that?› I couldn't say ‹a Gang›, because if it wasn't a gang, I would have gotten 25 on my ass. I came home and my brother slips with the other. ‹Mychasia! Come home, I think a gang!›. Our village was already burnt. There weren't many numbers left, but because our house was covered with a tin plate and quite nice, we had a lot of tenants from those who did not go to Ukraine. I came back home and I said: ‹Mom, I came back because there is a gang!›. We went out into the yard. You could see them already, with rifles, the bayonets were glowing because it was sun. They were going to our village. I say: ‹I will not run anywhere anymore, I am so tired›. Mom says: ‹Come on›. We had only one cow and one horse with us, everything else was stolen from us. My brother sat on that horse and started to run away to Lechmany. Lechmans were lying near the forest, we all ran away there. When my brother was running away, they were already shooting, from a distance, but they were already shooting. However, the brother was small, from 33, but ran away. And mom says: ‹Let's take the cow!›. And so we ran away.
After we came to our house […] They shot this friend of my brother, Kwaśniowski, his mother […] One of them was military, one had his eyes blindfolded, probably someone he knew, such a black one… The Polish officer came: ‹Hello, where's the hostess?› How could he know the hostess was different and not the women? People said these are the guests. He pulled out the ax and the lieutenant says: ‹Get out›. One elderly woman ran away from our house with a cow: ‹Gentlemen, I have little children, leave this cow to me!› They shot her and took the cow».
— «What was her name?»
— «I don't remember […] Next door, the one with the mask was definitely an acquaintance. After the village was burned down, two sisters lived in the house, I don't remember their names, Duda also lived, and they killed both of them. One was hiding behind the stove… Everyone was murdered on Jordan. And we escaped to the Red Wola Paths. We were afraid to go home» […]
— «Who was hanged on the grave on a barbed wire?»
— «This is behind the mountain, a great village, not everyone knew everyone, but he was hanged on the wire… So when Poles came, saying that the Ukrainians were murdering them there, they murdered ours here. For example, my cousin, also Duda, killed a lot of people. Intelligent, always held a position in the office, he was rich. It was winter, we couldn't sleep with Grandma. Someone is driving. Who can it go like this? And this was a gang coming. Then they killed the teacher, in the village, like Zahora… It was earlier, the village was still standing».
— «What was that teacher's name?»
— «I think his name was Dańko or Dańko […] And then a judge from Jarosław came to our priest for hospitality. And that judge was killed, and I don't know his name either. Next Kwaśniowski, the uncle of the boy who was killed. The lights were on in their house, the gang came in and ordered everyone to lie down on the floor. Everyone lay down, because ‹Whoever turns around, I will shoot!›. The host, Stefan Kwaśniowski raised his head and was shot. They rode past us, farther and farther. They went to our neighbor and said to him, because he often used to go forszpan to Jarosław:
‹You have an elegant car, you will come with us›. It was time before Christmas, they had killed the pig. It's good that they had a sausage, he went to let the priest know, and when he came back, everyone was there… He ran away, so they took his neighbor with the cart and stood next to our family. There they beat our uncle and his son–in–law so badly, because he had two daughters, that there was as much blood in the yard as if they had swallowed a pig. Mercilessly! And they stole everything, carried it on the wagon. A neighbor got a butt once that he was not helping them pack on the cart. He said he couldn't listen to how they beat them terribly and finally killed them. And they robbed»…
— «What were their names?»
— «Duda, Duda Ivan, and the other Żuk, Ivan, son–in–law […] At the funeral, my daughter met one of the murderers, but people told her to be quiet, she only seems to be quiet. The murderers then went a little further, the brother of this son–in–law lived there, he was also very rich. He lived near the school, because there were two schools in our village. They came in and led him out, although they weren't hitting him so badly. They took him and murdered him».
— «What was his name?»
— «Wasyl? I'm not sure, but maybe Wasyl. They then murdered 5 or 6 people. They got everything on carts and went. They ordered our neighbor, who was in the cart, to come back home»”.
source: „Interview with Kateryna Samojlik born in in 1929 in Dobra”; in: Huk Bogdan, „Michał Borys «Żan»'s Young Ukrainians. Local Self-Defense Units in the Jarosław poviat in the years 1945—1947”, in: Przemyśl 2016, p. 522—525
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
28—30
min. 28
max. 30
ref. no:
11810
date:
1946.02.22
site
description
general info
Dobra
May (?) 1946, [typescript] — Excerpt from a report by Michał Borys 'Żan', a political clerk from the 2nd District of the Zakerzonya Region, about the murders of Ukrainians in the village of Dobra:
„On February 22, 1946, during the Polish Army's operation in conjunction with local bandits Polish people murdered such people:
Zelinko [Zilinka?] Mychajło — 30 years old;
Zelinko [Zilinka?] Mykhailo — 40;
Kozar Oleh — 35;
Kril Ivan — 46;
Stanko Teofil — 42;
Chomyk Mykhailo — 46;
Quote Ivan — 29”.
source: „Informacija pro ukrajinśki seła ta ich meszkanciw, szczo postradały w rezultati polśkych napadiw na terenach Jarosławszczyny ta Lubacziwszczyny protiahom 1945”; in: Wiatrowycz W. (ed,), „Polśko-ukrajinśki stosunky w 1942—1947 rr. u dokumentach OUN ta UPA”, in: Lviv 2011, vol. 2, p. 956, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
7
min. 7
max. 7
ref. no:
10959
date:
1946.04.16
site
description
general info
Dobra
In the village of Dobra, poviat Jarosław, Stanisław Palimąka, b. in 1920, and Jan Ożga, b. in 1923, a policeman, were murdered in the forest by the UPA.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – April 1946”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.06.10]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
2
min. 2
max. 2
ref. no:
11815
date:
1946.08.05
site
description
general info
Dobra
1946 August 1, [typescript] — Fragment of the field report of the commander of the TOS 'Fala' 'Medwed' on the situation in the Dobrzański region (ukr. 'kuszcz') for the period from July 1 to July 31, 1946:
„August 5, 1946 […] at 10 o'clock the same Commie–Nazi Security Service UB unit, but in the strength of 80 people, started to approach the Lechmany hamlet again from the side of Dobra village. Several groups of several people were dressed in women's clothes. On their way to the houses, they shot civilians. They then killed Taraczek Mykhailo, 60, and his wife, Anastasia, 63. They threw the dead into the fire. They burned down 6 farms: Kułenko Anna, Pomoha, Zilinka, Kuczyk, Kopaneć Mykoła and Taraczek Mychajło. Iwan Duda, wounded the first time, lay in the garden and was thrown into the fire, where he burned down, as did the others”.
source: „Events on the premises of TOS 'Fala' for the period from July 1-31, 1946”; in: Institute of National Remembrance IPN Rzeszów, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, vol. 48, sh. 21—23
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
3
min. 3
max. 3
ref. no:
11816
date:
1946.08.10
site
description
general info
Dobra
1946 August 1, [typescript] — Fragment of the field report of the commander of the TOS 'Fala' 'Medwed' on the situation in the Dobrzański region (ukr. 'kuszcz') for the period from July 1 to July 31, 1946:
„10 VIII. At 5 o'clock in the morning, 20 people from the Polish Army arrived at [the hamlet of Dobra] Lechmany […] At Lechmany, when the entire army emerged from the forest on the road and gathered together, the UPA raid from the 'Kałynowicz' unit came up and fired at the Polish Army. The enemy opened heavy fire with all his weapons and grenade launcher. Enemy losses: 3 killed and 17 wounded. They managed to carry them out because ours withdrew under the fierce fire of overwhelming enemy forces. Ukrainian insurgents did not suffer any losses. The Polish Army then shot 2 civilians, whom they had alive in their hands: Grod Kateryna from the Wołczasty hamlet of the village of Cieplice, 45, and Dmytro Wyhinny from Dobra, around 50. After the fight, the Polish Army left with the wounded and killed to Sieniawa”.
source: „Events on the premises of TOS 'Fala' for the period from July 1-31, 1946”; in: Institute of National Remembrance IPN Rzeszów, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, vol. 48, sh. 21—23
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Poles and Ukrainians
number of
textually:
5
min. 5
max. 5
ref. no:
11817
date:
1946.08.13
site
description
general info
Dobra
1946 August 1, [typescript] — Fragment of the field report of the commander of the TOS 'Fala' 'Medwed' on the situation in the Dobrzański region (ukr. 'kuszcz') for the period from July 1 to July 31, 1946:
„13 VIII. Three men in Polish Army uniforms came to the hamlet of [Dobra] and took Pyzak Ivan, 35, a Ukrainian farmer, as the cart driver. After leaving the village they killed the farmer and on a cart driven by two horses went towards Sieniawa”.
source: „Events on the premises of TOS 'Fala' for the period from July 1-31, 1946”; in: Institute of National Remembrance IPN Rzeszów, in: Acta OAIPN Rz 072/1, vol. 48, sh. 21—23
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
11249
date:
1946.09.08
site
description
general info
Dobra
Jan Chamik, b. May 24, 1894, was killed by Ukrainians.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – September 1946”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2022.02.25]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
11818
date:
1946.10.22
site
description
general info
Dobra
Excerpt from the memories of Mychajła Podilczak and Marija Połochajło about the mass murder of Ukrainians in Krowica by members of MO and soldiers of the Polish Army:
„After some time, the Poles murdered 12 families. In the Wasylek family, they murdered their parents and left the children alive. In the morning the neighbors came out and saw the baby suckling on the breast of the dead mother. They murdered all Kyryls: both children and adults. The old Hrynczyszyn family spent the night at home, so they were killed, and their daughter hid in the henhouse and survived. The priest and his wife hid, their old parents stayed home. [The murderers] put them on the floor, put boards on them and jumped on them until they got tired. They even killed their maidservant.
source: „Field report by military clerk from Cheremosh for the period from 1 to 30 October 1946”; in: Huk Bogdan, „Michał Borys «Żan»'s Young Ukrainians. Local Self-Defense Units in the Jarosław poviat in the years 1945—1947”, in: Przemyśl 2016, p. 106
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
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