Roman Catholic parish
St Sigismund
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese
Poland
GENOCIDE perpetrated by UKRAINIANS on POLES
Data for 1943–1947
Murders
Perpetrators:
Ukrainians
Victims:
Poles
Number of victims:
min.:
200
max.:
200
events (incidents)
ref. no:
02610
date:
1943.08.29
site
description
general info
Czmykos
Orthodox feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary: the UPA together with Ukrainian peasants from the neighboring villages of Czmykos, Sztuń, Radziechów, Olesk and Wydźgów murdered about 200 Poles. The raid was led by the sotnik Pokrovśkyj, the s/o an Orthodox clergyman from the village of Sztuń, and „Lis”, a former gamekeeper. In the morning, local The Ukrainians did some research among Poles. A Ukrainian friend came to Stanisław and Julia to borrow bread, and in a few hours he murdered their daughter with a shovel. The colony was surrounded by a ring of UPA shooters, which made it impossible to escape. Groups of attackers in the number of 10–20 per farm spread across the colony and murdered cruelly with axes, pitchforks, scythes, poles and other farm tools – where the victims were caught: in apartments, in yards, in the field. A group of girls and women was taken to school, where, after being raped and abused, the bodies were thrown into the school's toilet. Equipment, carts, food, clothes, shoes and livestock were plundered by the UPA and inhabitants of the neighboring Ukrainian villages. The colony was later burnt down. Eugeniusz Król, 12 years old, was nailed by the arms, legs and neck to the kitchen door. Helena Greczkowska, 20, was killed with an ax by a Ukrainian acquaintance from the village of Czmykos.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „The 75th anniversary of the genocide – August and the summer of 1943”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Siemaszko Władysław, Siemaszko Ewa, „The genocide perpetrated by Ukrainian nationalists on the Polish population of Volhynia 1939 - 1945”, in: Warsaw 2000, p. 490—492
Zofia Wąs née Król, as a witness, writes about herself in the third person: „Zofia Król, 7 years old and Janina Kotas, 12 years old, played with dolls in the orchard. Suddenly there were strange noises. An older girl, Janina Kotas, identified them as Banderites. Suddenly, one of them appeared in the orchard, where the girls were playing (known to the girls because he came from the village of Chmykos, where mostly The Ukrainians lived). This man was at the Kings' house that morning – he wanted to borrow bread. Mrs. Julia Król, 29, Zofia's mother gave him a whole loaf, thanked him and left. In the court, the Ukrainian asked if the parents were at home. Sophie said yes. He remembers nothing further. As it turned out later, she was hit in the back of the head with a shovel, resulting in a loss of consciousness and a concussion. When Zofia regained consciousness, it was still light it turned out that he and his friend were covered with earth in a small ditch […] Janina Kotas was lying on top of Zofia with her legs cut off in the middle of her calves. She had fits for a moment and stopped talking, probably already dead. Zofia got out of the makeshift grave and went home. She realized that there were still Banderites in the house, so frightened, she hid in the hemp. When everything was quiet, Zofia went home again. What did she find? Mother Julia Król, 29, née Greczkowska, was lying on the floor, bloodied with a knife in her chest, she was no longer breathing. Brother, Eugeniusz Król, 12 years old, was nailed by the neck and hands to the kitchen door, he was also dead. Father Stanisław Król, 38, was lying near the apiary, most probably cut with a saw, and was still alive. When he saw Zofia, he started screaming for her to run away to her grandmother. Zofia first ran to Maria Danielak, her godmother. There was no one in the house, only a child was lying on the floor, all torn apart (head, legs, arms – apart). Then Zofia ran to her grandmother Katarzyna Król and grandfather Antoni the King, there was no one there either, but blood everywhere. Then Zofia ran to her second grandmother Zofia Greczkowska and grandfather Feliks Greczkowski. On the way, she met her friend Amelka, 5 years old, and her sister Anna. Years 3, highlander. In a moment, a Ukrainian came out suddenly and started shooting. Anna Góral, 3 years old, died on the spot. Amelka Góral was shot in the hand. Only Zofia escaped from the bullets. Zofia and the wounded Amelka went to the Greczkowski house, where nobody was there either. On the way, they encountered a lying, deceased woman with a small child at her breast. The child was still alive. Then Amelka Góral went to the house and hid there in a hiding place under the floor. They stayed there all night. On the next day they went to Luboml, to aunt Zofia”. It was 12 kilometers, they arrived at aunt Zofia by the name of Wichruk née Król in a very bad condition.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „The 75th anniversary of the genocide – August and the summer of 1943”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Siemaszko Władysław, Siemaszko Ewa, „The genocide perpetrated by Ukrainian nationalists on the Polish population of Volhynia 1939 - 1945”, in: Warsaw 2000, p. 1180
Witness Władysław Tołysz: „The Ukrainians also murdered the village of Czmykos. It was a Ukrainian settlement, but had a Polish colony. A dozen or so young inhabitants managed to escape the knives and axes of the torturers. The elders were slaughtered. The Ukrainians murdered, among others Jakubowska's teacher whom I knew and many others”.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „The 75th anniversary of the genocide – August and the summer of 1943”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Tołysz Władysław, „The easiest loot for criminals”; in: Koprowski Marek A, „Volhynia. The epic of Polish fate 1939-2913”, in: Act II, Warsaw 2013, p. 225
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
c. 200
min. 200
max. 200
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