Roman Catholic parish
St Sigismund
05-507 Słomczyn
85 Wiślana Str.
Konstancin deanery
Warsaw archdiocese
Poland
GENOCIDE perpetrated by UKRAINIANS on POLES
Data for 1943–1947
Site
II Republic of Poland
Baligród
Lesko pov., Lwów voiv.
contemporary
Lesko cou., Subcarpathia voiv., Poland
Murders
Perpetrators:
Ukrainians
Victims:
Poles
Number of victims:
min.:
62
max.:
79
Perpetrators:
Poles
Victims:
Ukrainians
Number of victims:
min.:
1
max.:
1
events (incidents)
ref. no:
06448
date:
1944.04.15
site
description
general info
Baligród
The Ukrainians murdered Stanisław Klimek.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – April 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
Myrosław Onyszkewycz „Orest Karat” gave the order: „I order you to purge your area immediately from the Polish element and Ukrainian–Bolshevik agents. The purge should be carried out in riverside hostels sparsely populated by Poles. To this end, create a militia near the area, composed of our members, whose task would be to eliminate the above–mentioned. Our larger hostels will be cleared of this element by our military units even in broad daylight […] The clearing of the area must be completed before our Easter so that we can celebrate it without Poles. Remember that when the Bolsheviks find us with Poles in our territory, they will slaughter us all […] Make a hard, ruthless fight with them. Not to spare anyone, even in mixed marriages. To take Lachs out of their houses, but The Ukrainians and children in these houses should not be liquidated […] Get the gun. Death to the Poles. Stop, April 6, 1944. Glory to the heroes! Orest, Karat” This order is in the files of the investigation against Myroslav Onyshhevych.
source: Miszko Przemysław, Matkowski Krzysztof, „Crimes of genocide committed by Ukrainian nationalists in Eastern Lesser Poland in 1939—1945 against persons of Polish nationality - in the light of investigations by OKŚZPNP in Wrocław”; in: „Crimes of the past, studies and materials of IPN prosecutors”, in: Warszawa 2008, vol. 2 — web page: ipn.gov.pl [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
07668
date:
1944.07
site
description
general info
Baligród
(in the vicinity)
The UPA hanged 10 Poles in the forest.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – July 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
10
min. 10
max. 10
ref. no:
07733
date:
1944.08.03
site
description
general info
Baligród
(forestry inspectorate)
Gamekeeper Piotr Janowski was murdered by the UPA.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Marszałek Edward, „Forest history of Bieszczady”; in: State Forest Holding - State Forests — web page: fundacjabieszczadzka.org [accessible: 2021.04.11]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
07737
date:
1944.08.04
site
description
general info
Baligród
In the hamlet of Poddębina near Daszawa, Uncle Banderites murdered 12 Poles, including setting fire to a barn, under which, in the basement – the shelter, 3 hidden Polish children were choked up by the Buczkowski siblings: Bronisława, aged 16, Stanisław, aged 13, and Janina, aged 6, and Kozina Małgorzata aged 4 and her brother Stanisław were also murdered 7 years old. In total, 3 elderly people and 9 children died.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
07744
date:
1944.08.06
site
description
general info
Baligród
The UPA murdered 42 Poles according to a previously prepared proscription list in the local church.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Żurek Stanisław, „UPA in Bieszczady”, in: ed. II, Nortom publishing house, Wroclaw 2010, p. 30—32, 243—247
The Germans left Baligród on August 3, fleeing the Red army. after the Germans had left, there was panic among Poles in Baligród. The news of the planned robbery reached them. The Polish delegation went to the UPA headquarters in Stężnica, declaring their willingness to voluntarily leave the town. The UPA command assured that the Poles would be safe and that they were to stay in the town. Poles stayed. „Burłaka”, having previously been the deputy commander of the Ukrainian police station in Baligród, had a good understanding of the Polish community. all „more important” Poles were on the proscription list used by „partisans” of theUPA during the mass murder on August 6. The funeral of the murdered Poles took place on August 8, „without coffins, pits, no graves” wives and children were digging, according to the Baligród school chronicle. The chronicle, kept by the headmaster of the school, Maria Makowska, describes the course of the murder: „For one slogan, each group of rezuns leads men out of their homes, murdering them near buildings, in houses, and even in beds. The old man, Michał Różycki, who has been in bed for two years, dies, his brother Jan Różycki and his son, Tomasz, dies, leaving his wife with a few tiny children. They murder the old man in Chorzępa's bed, and the other old man Szpot (Jan Szpot's father, who was captured by them on Friday), the owner of the slaughterhouse, Jan Kaczor, notary public, and the head of the court. Tadzio Kornaga's skull is smashed – his mother was collecting these cubes in the garden for several hours. and so they lay stretched out, dead on the road, under the church walls, at the descent to the river, and even in the river itself”. On August 10, the Germans returned to Baligród. Soviet troops entered on September 25. a. Daszkiewicz, in his book Ruch resistance in the region of Beskid Niski 1939 – 1944 (Warsaw 1975), claims that the murder in Baligród was a retaliation for the actions of the Home Army branch KN–23 in the Lesko region. Iwan Dmytryk, in the book „Zapysky of the Ukrainian uprising (in the foxes of the Lemkivshchyna)”, two editions of which were published in Germany and the third in 1992 in Lviv, he described this murder from his position as a Bandera follower. His pseudonym was „Lis”, he was in the sotnya „Burłaki”, and then „Brodycza”. about Baligród he wrote: „By sending us to the position of the commander of «Burłak» ordered us to punish the murderers of Ukrainian children, women and men. The intelligence of the local underground for a long time compiled detailed lists of Poles who massacred the Ukrainian population. Such letters were received by our branches, assigned to various parts of Baligród. Having awakened these terrorists from sleep, our special groups read them the death sentences of the insurgent field court, enumerating their crimes, whom, where and when they killed. Then the sentence was carried out on the spot. Before the inhabitants of Baligród woke up, our penal action was over […] Large warehouses of food collected by Polish militias were also discovered. The most valuable things from these warehouses were taken from”.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: „In the forests of the western Lemko region. Memoirs of a UPA partisan”; in: „Magura '93”, in: Warsaw 1994
Knowing the actual course of the massacre in Baligród, it should be remembered that readers in the west only know the version of Dmytryk's band. And in Ukraine, old and young nationalists will gladly believe in it. The proscription list of Poles is said to have been prepared at the church in Baligród. I write about the recent manipulations related to the murder in Baligród in the article „Bander's legend about Baligród”.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Żurek Stanisław, „UPA in Bieszczady”, in: ed. II, Nortom publishing house, Wroclaw 2010, p. 243—247
The plaque on the monument contains 42 names, with Bronisław Chorzępa, murdered on August 13, 1944 in Baligród in the last place.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
42
min. 42
max. 42
ref. no:
07765
date:
1944.08.13
site
description
general info
Baligród
Bronisław Charzępa, born in the UPA, was murdered. in 1923.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1944”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Szewczyk Tadeusz, „The investigation was discontinued”; in: „Gazeta Bieszczadzka”, in: No. 20/2009 – fragments of an investigation conducted by the Institute of National Remembrance in Rzeszów in 2005-2006 and discontinued on July 6, 2006
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
09238
date:
1945.01.14
site
description
general info
Baligród
The UPA murdered 2 Poles, including a woman.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – January 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
2
min. 2
max. 2
ref. no:
10131
date:
1945.06
site
description
general info
Baligród
The Ukrainians murdered Stanisław Leszkiewicz.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – June 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: btx.home.pl [accessible: 2021.02.04]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
10225
date:
1945.07.31–1945.08.01
site
description
general info
Baligród
The UPA murdered 2 Poles, including a woman. The report from the MO station, which was attacked by the UPA, defended itself, losing one killed and one wounded, stated that several Poles were murdered, including Maria Głogowska, „who, when asked who she was, replied: I am Polish”.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – August 1945”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2021.02.04]
source: Żurek Stanisław, „UPA in Bieszczady”, in: ed. II, Nortom publishing house, Wroclaw 2010, p. 72
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
2 – 19
min. 2
max. 19
ref. no:
11700
date:
1945.10.21
site
description
general info
Baligród
(in the vicinity)
Excerpt from the situational report of an unknown OUN clerk from the Beskid region for October 1945 about the murder of a Ukrainian teacher by soldiers of the Polish Army:
„On October 21, the army of 25 soldiers who returned from Chocenia to Baligród through Cisowiec saw the teacher on the way who was running away. He was caught and brought to the bridge between Mchawa and Zahoczewo. On the bridge, the teacher was ordered to jump from the bridge into the river. The teacher jumped and started to run away. The military killed him while he was running”.
source: „Wisti z terenu za misiać żowteń 1945”; in: Poticzny P. J., Łyko I. (ed,), „Litopys UPA”, in: Toronto-Lviv 2002, vol. 34: „Lemkivshchyna and Peremyszczyna. Political reports (Documents)”, p. 21, in: orig. Ukrainian
source: Huk Bogdan with a group of friends, „Murders of the Ukrainian population 1944-1947”; in: portal: Ruthenian apocrypha — web page: www.apokryfruski.org [accessible: 2021.09.30]
perpetrators
Poles
victims
Ukrainians
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
ref. no:
11210
date:
1946.07.31
site
description
general info
On the night of July 31, the combined party of 'Rena' and 'Bajda' carried out simultaneous attacks on the MO posts in Baligród, Kopalniany, and Zahoczewie. After a hard fight, the posts in Kopalniany and Zahoczewie are broken. The crew in Baligród, despite the losses, managed to defend themselves.
source: Myśliński Stanisław, „Shots at Cisna”, in: Ministry of National Defense Publishing House, Warszawa 1978.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – July 1946”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2022.02.24]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
ref. no:
11421
date:
1946
site
description
general info
Baligród
The UPA murdered Albert Czelaga.
source: Żurek Stanisław, „Calendar of the genocide – December 1946 and in 1946”; in: portal: Volhynia — web page: wolyn.org [accessible: 2022.02.28]
perpetrators
Ukrainians
victims
Poles
number of
textually:
1
min. 1
max. 1
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GENOCIDIUM ATROX: BALIGRÓD